DataSheet_1_Dissecting causal associations of type 2 diabetes with 111 types of ocular conditions: a Mendelian randomization study.docx

BackgroundDespite the well-established findings of a higher incidence of retina-related eye diseases in patients with diabetes, there is less investigation into the causal relationship between diabetes and non-retinal eye conditions, such as age-related cataracts and glaucoma.
MethodsWe performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 111 ocular diseases. We employed a set of 184 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that reached genome-wide significance as instrumental variables (IVs). The primary analysis utilized the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, with MR-Egger and weighted median (WM) methods serving as supplementary analyses.
ResultsThe results revealed suggestive positive causal relationships between T2DM and various ocular conditions, including “Senile cataract” (OR= 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11; P=7.77×10-4), “Glaucoma” (OR= 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13; P=4.81×10-3), and “Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways” (OR= 1.10; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.23; P=7.01×10-2).
ConclusionOur evidence supports a causal relationship between T2DM and specific ocular disorders. This provides a basis for further research on the importance of T2DM management and prevention strategies in maintaining ocular health.

背景 尽管已有充分研究证实糖尿病患者视网膜相关眼部疾病的发病率更高，但针对糖尿病与非视网膜眼部疾病（如年龄相关性白内障、青光眼）之间的因果关联，相关研究仍较为匮乏。
方法 本研究采用孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization, MR）分析，探究2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM）与111种眼部疾病的因果关联。我们选取了184个达到全基因组显著性水平的单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism, SNPs）作为工具变量（instrumental variables, IVs）。主要分析采用逆方差加权（inverse variance-weighted, IVW）法，并以MR-Egger法和加权中位数（weighted median, WM）法作为补充分析。
结果 研究结果显示，2型糖尿病与多种眼部疾病存在提示性的正向因果关联，包括“老年性白内障”（优势比（Odds Ratio, OR）=1.07；95%置信区间（Confidence Interval, CI）：1.03, 1.11；P=7.77×10^-4）、“青光眼”（OR=1.08；95%CI：1.02, 1.13；P=4.81×10^-3）以及“视神经与视觉通路疾病”（OR=1.10；95%CI：0.99, 1.23；P=7.01×10^-2）。
结论 本研究证据表明2型糖尿病与特定眼部疾病存在因果关联，这为进一步研究糖尿病管理与预防策略在维持眼部健康中的重要性提供了理论依据。