Data for: The effect of manipulating group task orientation and support for innovation on collaborative creativity in an educational setting

This study investigates the effects of group task orientation and support for innovation, two of the four dimensions of group climate identified by West (1990) as instrumental to team creativity, on the creativity of group solutions to a set of open-ended problems. Participants were N=295 high school students in China working in 60 collaborative groups (formed by self-affiliation) to solve four tasks used in prior creativity research. Rewards were used to manipulate the team climate factors of task orientation and support for innovation between groups in a 2 x 2 design. Task orientation, defined as a shared concern with excellence of group performance, was manipulated by informing some groups (but not others) in advance about both monetary and social performance rewards. Support for innovation, the expectation of and support for unique ideas, was manipulated by describing to some groups in advance an aspect of the scoring rule that rewarded originality (defined as unique answers to the tasks). The group responses to the tasks were scored on three dimensions often used to define creativity: fluency, flexibility, and originality. Summary: The data is in the form of an SPSS .sav file. The 295 participants were Chinese high-school students working in N=60 collaborative groups. In this data set, the aggregated group-level data are reported. The data set arises from a 2 x 2 factorial MANOVA design, with 3 summary dependent variables ( AveFluency, AveFlexibility, and AveOriginality) used to measure the creativity of group solutions to four standard creativity tasks. Two independent raters scored the test results on the three outcome dimensions; average results from the two raters were used in our primary analyses. The independent variables (MANOVA factors) are: support for innovation (Support: 0=no, 1=yes) and rewards for excellence (Excellence: 0=no performance rewards, 1=with performance rewards).

本研究探讨了群体任务导向（group task orientation）与创新支持（support for innovation）两个维度的效应——二者为West（1990）提出的四类对团队创造力至关重要的群体氛围维度中的两个——对开放式问题群体解决方案创造力的影响。研究参与者为295名中国高中生，以60个由自愿结伴组建的合作小组为单位，完成四项既往创造力研究中采用的任务。本研究采用2×2组间因子设计，通过奖励手段对各组的任务导向与创新支持两类团队氛围因素进行操控。其中，群体任务导向被定义为对群体绩效卓越性的共同关切，操控方式为提前向部分小组告知货币与社交双重绩效奖励，其余小组则不进行该告知。创新支持指对独特想法的期待与支持，操控方式为提前向部分小组说明评分规则中奖励原创性（即对任务给出独特解答）的维度。群体对任务的作答按照创造力研究常用的三个维度进行评分：流畅性、灵活性与原创性。

数据集说明：本数据集以SPSS .sav文件格式存储。295名参与者为中国高中生，共组成60个合作小组。本数据集包含聚合后的群体层面数据。该数据集源自2×2因子多元方差分析（MANOVA）设计，以三个汇总因变量（AveFluency、AveFlexibility、AveOriginality）衡量群体针对四项标准创造力任务的解决方案创造力。由两名独立评分者对三项结果维度的测试结果进行评分，主分析采用两名评分者的平均得分结果。自变量（多元方差分析因子）为：创新支持（Support：0=否，1=是）与卓越绩效奖励（Excellence：0=无绩效奖励，1=有绩效奖励）。