Psychiatric comorbidities in conduct disorders and neurobiological bases

Conduct disorder is rarely isolated, and the international literature shows a high and very diverse comorbidity. This article presents in particular the psychiatric comorbidity of conduct disorder with other externalized disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and internalized disorders such as mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders (abuse/dependence). These disorders seem to have a neurobiological substrate which implicates brain and hormonal changes, neurotransmitters alterations and environmental influences.

品行障碍（Conduct disorder）极少孤立出现，现有国际文献表明其共病率较高且共病类型极为多样。本文重点探讨了品行障碍与其他外化性障碍的精神共病关系，其中外化性障碍包括注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）、对立违抗障碍（ODD）；同时也涉及与内化性障碍的共病，此类障碍涵盖心境障碍（抑郁障碍与双相障碍）、包括创伤后应激障碍在内的焦虑障碍，以及物质使用障碍（滥用/依赖）。上述各类障碍似乎具有共同的神经生物学基础，该基础涉及大脑与激素水平变化、神经递质改变以及环境因素的影响。