Genomic, Proteomic, and Biochemical Study of Pleurotus pulmonarius Secretome and Its Role in Biomass Saccharification

Pleurotus species include edible mushrooms that grow on a range of lignocellulosic substrates by secreting hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes. This flexibility offers opportunities to valorize agro-industrial residues for sustainable production of food and biomaterials. In this study, we analyzed the genome of Pleurotus pulmonarius and its biocatalytic potential for lignocellulose saccharification using proteomics and biochemical assays. The fungus was cultivated on beechwood, corn stover, and xylose. Beechwood induced the richest secretome with abundant oxidases. The corn stover secretome had fewer proteins but was focused on carbohydrate-acting enzymes, with abundant polysaccharide-degrading and accessory enzymes. Despite lower enzyme diversity, corn stover secretome achieved higher lignocellulose saccharification, further improved by oxidoreductase inhibition. Supplementing an industrial cellulase cocktail with P. pulmonarius corn stover secretomes enhanced sugar release by 40%. These findings highlight the dynamic enzymatic response of P. pulmonarius to lignocellulosic substrates and its potential in biomass valorization and the design of enzymatic cocktails.侧耳属（Pleurotus）物种包含可食用蘑菇，它们可通过分泌水解酶与氧化酶，在多种木质纤维素底物（lignocellulosic substrates）上生长。该类群的代谢灵活性为农业工业残渣的高值化利用提供了契机，可支撑食品与生物材料的可持续生产。本研究对肺形侧耳（Pleurotus pulmonarius）的基因组及其木质纤维素糖化的生物催化潜力展开了分析，采用蛋白质组学与生化实验方法。该真菌分别在山毛榉木、玉米秸秆与木糖上进行培养。山毛榉木诱导产生的分泌组（secretome）最为丰富，含有大量氧化酶。玉米秸秆分泌组的蛋白丰度较低，但主要聚焦于碳水化合物作用酶类，包含丰富的多糖降解酶与辅助酶。尽管酶多样性更低，玉米秸秆分泌组却实现了更高的木质纤维素糖化效率，且该效率可通过氧化还原酶抑制剂进一步提升。将肺形侧耳玉米秸秆分泌组添加至工业纤维素酶复合制剂中，可使糖释放量提升40%。上述研究结果揭示了肺形侧耳对木质纤维素底物的动态酶响应机制，及其在生物质高值化利用与酶复合制剂设计中的应用潜力。