Polychoric matrix of all items.

Mind-wandering is an essential cognitive process in which people engage for 30–50% of their waking day and is highly associated with neuroticism. The current study identified the factor structure of retrospective self-report items related to mind-wandering and perseverative cognition content and explored these associations with neuroticism. In an adult community sample (N = 309), items from the NYC Cognition Questionnaire, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire Short Form, and the Rumination Responses Brooding Subscale were entered into factor analyses to test the optimal factor structure of these items. We employed a structural model to investigate associations of mind-wandering facets with neuroticism. A correlated three factor solution best fit the data (CFI = .94, TLI = .93, SRMR = .07, RMSEA = .07). Bifactor models failed to provide evidence for a general mind-wandering construct above and beyond variance explained by mind-wandering and perseverative cognition facets. The structural model revealed differential associations of each facet with neuroticism. A wandering mind is not always an unhappy mind. Whereas worry and rumination are associated with higher levels of neuroticism, mind-wandering has other components that relate to positively valenced cognition and lower neuroticism. Adaptive and maladaptive mind-wandering should be tested together in future studies of personality and psychopathology.

心智游移（mind-wandering）是人类清醒状态下30%至50%的时间都会参与的核心认知过程，且与神经质人格（neuroticism）高度相关。本研究明确了与心智游移及持续性认知（perseverative cognition）内容相关的回顾性自我报告条目（retrospective self-report items）的因子结构（factor structure），并探究了其与神经质人格的关联。在309名成年社区参与者组成的样本中，研究纳入了纽约认知问卷（NYC Cognition Questionnaire）、宾州担忧问卷简版（Penn State Worry Questionnaire Short Form）以及反刍思维反应沉思分量表（Rumination Responses Brooding Subscale）的相关条目开展因子分析，以检验此类条目的最优因子结构。本研究采用结构方程模型探究心智游移各维度与神经质人格的关联。相关三因子模型对数据的拟合效果最优，各项拟合指标分别为：比较拟合指数（CFI）=0.94、塔克-刘易斯指数（TLI）=0.93、标准化残差均方根（SRMR）=0.07、近似误差均方根（RMSEA）=0.07。双因子模型未能证明存在一个超越心智游移与持续性认知维度所解释变异的通用心智游移构念。结构方程模型结果显示，各维度与神经质人格间存在差异化关联：游移的心智并非总是伴随负面情绪体验。担忧与反刍思维与更高水平的神经质人格相关，而心智游移还包含与正性效价认知相关、且与较低神经质人格相关的其他成分。未来在人格与精神病理学领域的研究中，应同时考察适应性与非适应性心智游移。