Impact of passive smoking on renal vascular morphology

ABSTRACT Objective To determine whether passive smoking causes morphological and structural changes in the arcuate arteries of rats exposed for 7 to 28 days. Methods Wistar rats aged eight weeks and weighing 260g on average were allocated to a Control or a Smoker Group. Groups were further divided into 4 groups containing 5 animals each. Morphological-functional analysis of the right kidneys was carried out after 7 and 28 days of exposure to the smoke of 40 cigarettes per day. Cigarettes were burned at set times using automated cigarette-burning equipment (“Smoking Machine” - SM-MC-01). At the end of each exposure period, the kidneys were dissected and submitted to histological processing for morphological and quantitative analysis. Results Exposure to cigarette smoke for 7 days led to a decrease in inner vascular diameter. Decreased thickness of the vascular tunica media was observed after exposure for 28 days. Increased thickness of the tunica adventitia, increased total vascular wall thickness, increased total vascular diameter and qualitative increase in collagen deposition were observed. Vascular volume increased after 28 days of exposure. Conclusion Passive smoking has a negative impact on renal vasculature.

摘要
目的 本研究旨在明确被动吸烟暴露7至28天的大鼠弓形动脉（arcuate arteries）是否会发生形态学与结构改变。
方法 选取8周龄、平均体重260g的Wistar大鼠（Wistar rats），随机分为对照组与吸烟组，随后将两组各划分为4个亚组，每组含5只动物。每日使大鼠暴露于40支香烟的烟雾中，采用自动卷烟燃烧装置（"Smoking Machine" - SM-MC-01）按预设时长点燃香烟。分别于暴露7天和28天后，对大鼠右侧肾脏开展形态功能学分析。每段暴露周期结束后，摘取肾脏并制备组织学标本，以开展形态学与定量分析。
结果 香烟烟雾暴露7天可导致血管内径减小；暴露28天后可见血管中膜厚度降低，同时出现外膜厚度、血管壁总厚度、血管总直径增加，胶原沉积定性增多，且血管容积在暴露28天后升高。
结论 综上，被动吸烟对肾脏血管具有负面影响。