Supplementary information files for Super-liquid-repellent thin film materials for low temperature latent heat thermal energy storage: A comprehensive review of materials for dip-coating

CC BY 4.0 © The Authors 2024Supplementary files for article Super-liquid-repellent thin film materials for low temperature latent heat thermal energy storage: A comprehensive review of materials for dip-coatingWhen discharging latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems, performance is influenced by the formation and adherence of a solid layer of phase change material (PCM) on heat eXchange (HX) surfaces. Super‐liquid‐repellent thin films (STFs) may be able to reduce solidifying PCM adhesion on HX surfaces during discharging, delay PCM solidification to lower temperatures, and by modifying nucleation sites potentially enable long‐term seasonal thermal storage. Techniques employed previously to fabricate sintered polymeric STF coatings include chemical vapour deposition, dip‐coating, spray‐coating, spin‐coating, layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly, sol‐gel, anodizing, electrodeposition, electrospinning, so on. Dip‐coating is considered attractive for fabricating thin films on simple and complex surface geometries due to process maturity, scalability, flexibility and cost‐effectiveness. To identify suitable materials for preparing STFs on metal HX surfaces using the dip‐coating process, more than 200 journal articles published in English during the period 2010 to 2022 were reviewed and the potential role of STFs in LHTES applications was assessed. The review identified key areas and applications stimulating STF material developments and formulations. The dip‐coating of potential STF materials was classified under three major themes driving current research and development (R&D) activities, that is, high performance thin films, eco‐friendly thin films and fundamental research formulations. This review provides a platform from which to develop coatings and HX systems to enable the cost‐effective implementation of STFs for improved heat transfer in future mobile/stationery LHTES systems.

CC BY 4.0 © 作者 2024
本文配套补充材料源自论文《用于低温潜热储能的超疏液薄膜材料：浸涂工艺用材料综述》（Super-liquid-repellent thin film materials for low temperature latent heat thermal energy storage: A comprehensive review of materials for dip-coating）

当潜热储能（Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage, LHTES）系统处于放热阶段时，相变材料（Phase Change Material, PCM）固态层的形成与附着会对热交换（Heat Exchange, HX）表面的系统性能产生不利影响。超疏液薄膜（Super-liquid-repellent thin films, STFs）可在放热过程中减少固化相变材料在热交换表面的附着，将相变材料的凝固温度延迟至更低水平，并通过调控形核位点，有望实现长期季节性储热。

此前用于制备烧结聚合物超疏液薄膜涂层的工艺包括化学气相沉积、浸涂（dip-coating）、喷涂、旋涂、层层组装（Layer-by-Layer, LbL）、溶胶-凝胶、阳极氧化、电沉积、静电纺丝等。浸涂工艺凭借工艺成熟度高、可规模化拓展、适配性强且成本效益优异的优势，被视为在简单及复杂表面几何结构上制备薄膜的极具吸引力的方案。

为筛选出适用于浸涂工艺、可在金属热交换表面制备超疏液薄膜的合适材料，本综述梳理了2010至2022年间发表的200余篇英文期刊论文，并评估了超疏液薄膜在潜热储能应用中的潜在作用。本综述明确了推动超疏液材料研发与配方优化的核心方向与应用场景。

潜在超疏液材料的浸涂制备工艺可被划分为三大主流研发主题，即高性能薄膜、环保型薄膜以及基础研究配方。

本综述为后续开发涂层及热交换系统提供了研究平台，可助力超疏液薄膜以低成本方案实现落地，以改善未来移动/固定式潜热储能系统的传热性能。