Table_1_The Effect of Physical Activity on Neurotrophin Concentrations and Cognitive Control in Patients With a Depressive Episode.pdf

BackgroundCognitive deficits occur in most patients with affective disorders. The role of neurotrophic factors (e.g., BDNF) as modulators of brain plasticity affecting neurocognitive abilities has been emphasized. Neurotrophin concentrations may change under the influence of various interventions, including physical activity. Selected studies have shown that cognitive function may also be affected by exercise.
AimThe aim of the study was to determine whether physical activity changes the concentration of neurotrophins and their receptors in patients with an episode of depression. It was also examined how one session of aerobic exercise affects cognitive control.
MethodsThe study included 41 participants. The subjects were asked to exercise on a cycloergometer for 40 min with individually selected exercise loads (70% VO2max). Before and shortly after the exercise blood samples were acquired to perform blood assays (proBDNF, BDNF, TrkB, NGFR). The participants also performed a Stroop test twice—before the exercise and 10 min after its cessation.
ResultsThe single bout of physical exercise did not cause any significant changes in the concentration of neurotrophic factors. The SCWT results: both the mean reading time (29.3 s vs. 47.8 s) and the color naming time (36.7 s vs. 50.7 s) increased. The patients made more mistakes after physical exercise, both in part A (0.2 vs. 1.5) and B (0.6 vs. 1.5). The so-called interference effect decreased—the difference between naming and reading times was smaller after exercise (6.2 s vs. 2.4 s). No significant correlations were found between the concentrations of the studied neurotrophic factors and the Stroop test results.
ConclusionsThe results did not confirm changes in neurotrophin concentration under the influence of a single session of physical activity. The shortening of the interference time after exercise may be caused by practice effects. A significant limitation of the study is the use of the Stroop test twice in short intervals.

研究背景
情感障碍患者大多存在认知功能缺损。神经营养因子作为调控脑可塑性、影响神经认知能力的调节因子，其作用已得到广泛重视，例如脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）。多种干预手段可改变神经营养因子的浓度，体育运动即为其中一类干预方式。已有多项研究表明，运动亦可对认知功能产生影响。

研究目的
本研究旨在探讨体育运动是否会改变抑郁发作患者体内神经营养因子及其受体的浓度；同时分析单次有氧运动对认知控制的影响。

研究方法
本研究共纳入41名受试者。受试者需在功率自行车（cycloergometer）上完成时长40分钟的运动，运动负荷设置为个体适配的70%最大摄氧量（VO2max）。分别于运动前及运动后即刻采集血液样本，用于检测前体脑源性神经营养因子（proBDNF）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、酪氨酸激酶受体B（TrkB）及神经生长因子受体（NGFR）的浓度。受试者还需分别在运动前及运动结束10分钟后完成两次斯特鲁普测验（Stroop test）。

研究结果
单次体育运动未引起受试神经营养因子浓度出现显著变化。斯特鲁普测验结果显示：平均阅读时长（29.3s vs 47.8s）与颜色命名时长（36.7s vs 50.7s）均有所延长；受试者在测验A部分（0.2 vs 1.5）与B部分（0.6 vs 1.5）中的错误次数均有所增加。所谓的干扰效应出现下降——运动后命名时长与阅读时长的差值较运动前更小（6.2s vs 2.4s）。未观测到所研究的神经营养因子浓度与斯特鲁普测验结果之间存在显著相关性。

研究结论
本研究结果未证实单次体育运动可改变神经营养因子的浓度。运动后干扰时长的缩短可能源于练习效应。本研究存在显著局限性：即在短时间间隔内两次使用斯特鲁普测验。