The chromosome-level genome assembly of <i>Nyctalus aviator</i>

Currently, three carnivorous bat species, namely <i>Ia io,</i> <i>Nyctalus lasiopterus</i>, and <i>Nyctalus aviator</i>, are known to actively prey on seasonal migratory birds (hereinafter referred to as “avivorous bats”). However, the absence of reference genomes impedes a thorough comprehension of the molecular adaptations of avivorous bat species. Herein, we present the high-quality chromosome-scale reference genome of <i>N. aviator</i> based on PacBio subreads, DNBSeq short-reads and Hi-C sequencing data. The genome assembly size of <i>N. aviator</i> is 1.77 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 102 Mb, of which 99.8% assembly was anchored into 20 pseudo-chromosomes. After masking 635.4 Mb repetitive sequences, a total of 19,703 protein-coding genes were identified, of which 99.1% were functionally annotated. The genome assembly and gene prediction reached 96.1% and 96.5% completeness of Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO), respectively. This chromosome-level reference genome of <i>N. aviator</i> fills a gap in the existing information on the genomes of carnivorous bats, especially avivorous ones, and will be valuable for mechanism of adaptations to dietary niche expansion in bat species.目前已知三种食肉蝙蝠物种，分别为*Ia io*、*Nyctalus lasiopterus*与*Nyctalus aviator*，它们会主动捕食季节性迁徙鸟类（以下简称"食鸟蝙蝠"）。然而，参考基因组的缺失阻碍了我们对食鸟蝙蝠物种分子适应性的全面解析。本研究基于PacBio子读长、DNBSeq短读长及Hi-C测序数据，构建了*Nyctalus aviator*的高质量染色体级参考基因组。该物种的基因组组装总长度为1.77 Gb，支架N50值为102 Mb，其中99.8%的组装序列被锚定至20条伪染色体上。在屏蔽635.4 Mb的重复序列后，本研究共鉴定出19703个蛋白质编码基因，其中99.1%完成了功能注释。基因组组装与基因预测的Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs（BUSCO）完整度分别为96.1%与96.5%。本*Nyctalus aviator*染色体级参考基因组填补了食肉蝙蝠，尤其是食鸟蝙蝠的基因组信息空白，将为解析蝙蝠物种适应饮食生态位扩张的分子机制提供关键支撑。