Health Expenditures, Life Expectancy and Infant Mortality in Nigeria (1990-2023).csv

This dataset supports a study of how disaggregated health-financing segments viz. health expenditure per capita, recurrent health expenditure, capital health expenditure, and out-of-pocket health spending, relate to social sustainability in Nigeria, measured by life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate. By separating recurrent vs capital government spending and household out-of-pocket payments from per-capita spending, the data enable clean tests of financing composition effects on population health.<b>Variables (what each column means)/source sites</b><b>YEAR</b>: Calendar year.<b>LEX_years: </b>Life expectancy at birth, total (years).<br><b>Source site:</b> World Bank WDI → https://data.worldbank.org<b>IMR_per_1000: </b>Infant mortality rate (deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births).<br><b>Source site:</b> World Bank WDI → https://data.worldbank.org<b>HEXPc_USD: </b>Current health expenditure per capita (current US$).<br><b>Source site:</b> World Bank WDI (from WHO GHED) → https://data.worldbank.org<b>OPHS_percent: </b>Out-of-pocket spending as a % of current health expenditure (households’ direct payments).<br><b>Source site:</b> World Bank WDI / WHO Global Health Expenditure Database → https://data.worldbank.org ; https://apps.who.int/nha/database<b>RHEX_Naira_billion: </b>Federal Government Recurrent health expenditure (₦ billions).<br><b>Source site:</b> CBN Statistical Bulletin → https://www.cbn.gov.ng (Statistics ▸ Statistical Bulletin ▸ Public Finance)<b>CHEX_Naira_billion:</b> Federal Government Capital health expenditure (₦ billions).<br><b>Source site:</b> CBN Statistical Bulletin → https://www.cbn.gov.ng (Statistics ▸ Statistical Bulletin ▸ Public Finance)<b><i>Notes: </i></b><i>Spending series from WDI/WHO typically have strongest coverage from 2000 onward; earlier years may be NA. RHEX/CHEX are nominal ₦ billions from CBN Public Finance functional tables (Health).</i>

本数据集支持一项针对尼日利亚卫生筹资细分板块与社会可持续性关联的研究，其中卫生筹资细分板块包括人均卫生支出、经常性卫生支出、资本性卫生支出及家庭自付卫生支出，社会可持续性以出生时预期寿命与婴儿死亡率作为衡量指标。通过将政府经常性与资本性卫生支出、家庭自付费用从人均卫生支出中拆分，本数据集可严谨检验筹资结构对人群健康的影响效应。
<b>变量（各列含义）/数据来源</b>
<b>年份（YEAR）</b>：日历年。
<b>出生时预期寿命（LEX_years）</b>：总人口出生时预期寿命（单位：年）。<br><b>数据来源：</b>世界银行世界发展指标（World Bank WDI）→ https://data.worldbank.org
<b>婴儿死亡率（IMR_per_1000）</b>：每1000例活产的1岁以下婴儿死亡数。<br><b>数据来源：</b>世界银行世界发展指标（World Bank WDI）→ https://data.worldbank.org
<b>人均卫生支出（HEXPc_USD）</b>：人均当期卫生支出（单位：当前美元）。<br><b>数据来源：</b>世界银行世界发展指标（World Bank WDI，源自世界卫生组织全球卫生支出数据库（WHO Global Health Expenditure Database, GHED））→ https://data.worldbank.org
<b>自付卫生支出占比（OPHS_percent）</b>：家庭直接支付的自付费用占当期卫生总支出的百分比。<br><b>数据来源：</b>世界银行世界发展指标（World Bank WDI）/ 世界卫生组织全球卫生支出数据库（WHO Global Health Expenditure Database）→ https://data.worldbank.org ; https://apps.who.int/nha/database
<b>联邦政府经常性卫生支出（RHEX_Naira_billion）</b>：联邦政府经常性卫生支出（单位：10亿奈拉）。<br><b>数据来源：</b>尼日利亚中央银行统计公报（Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN Statistical Bulletin）→ https://www.cbn.gov.ng (Statistics ▸ Statistical Bulletin ▸ Public Finance)
<b>联邦政府资本性卫生支出（CHEX_Naira_billion）</b>：联邦政府资本性卫生支出（单位：10亿奈拉）。<br><b>数据来源：</b>尼日利亚中央银行统计公报（Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN Statistical Bulletin）→ https://www.cbn.gov.ng (Statistics ▸ Statistical Bulletin ▸ Public Finance)
<i>备注：</i>世界银行WDI与WHO的卫生支出数据序列在2000年之后覆盖度最佳，早年数据可能为缺失值（NA）。RHEX/CHEX为尼日利亚中央银行公共财政职能表（卫生领域）中的名义值10亿奈拉单位数据。