The Impact of Traditional Silvopastoral System on the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest Remnants

ABSTRACT The results of an evaluation of the impact of traditional silvopastoral system on floristic and phytosociology of the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest (MOF) remnants, named caívas, in the North Plateau of Santa Catarina, South of Brazil are shown here to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of human activities on natural environments,. There was significant heterogeneity in floristic and structural aspects among the remnants. They exhibited high floristic integrity, with the presence of species typically registered in MOF. On the other hand, the incidence of exotic species was inexpressive. The predominance of smaller plant individuals than expected for adults of the species, combined with the predominance of secondary and pioneer species indicate the occurrence of repeated disturbances over the years. It is urgent to identify technological alternatives to enable appropriate foraging and increase in livestock production, ensuring economic and social sustainability with less environmental impact.摘要：本研究针对巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州北部高原地区、被命名为caívas的混合适雨林（Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, MOF）残存林分，评估了传统林牧复合系统（silvopastoral system）对其植物区系与植物社会学（phytosociology）特征的影响，旨在为深入理解人类活动对自然环境的干扰效应提供参考。结果显示，各残存林分的植物区系与结构特征存在显著异质性；其植物区系完整性较高，分布有典型的混合适雨林物种。另一方面，外来物种的发生占比极低。样地内小型植株个体占比显著高于该物种成年个体的预期水平，结合次生与先锋物种的主导地位，反映出该区域多年来持续遭受反复干扰。当前亟需探索可行的技术方案，以实现合理放牧并提升畜牧生产能力，在降低环境影响的同时保障经济与社会可持续性。