Factors associated with death amongst hospitalised patients with influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness at four sentinel surveillance sites, South Africa, 2009–2013.

OR—Odds ratio, CI—confidence interval, HIV—human immunodeficiency virus.a Odds ratios and p values shown for all variables included in the multivariable model. For the multivariable analysis of factors associated with death we did not evaluate or include variables which may be on the continuum to the outcome (ICU admission or receipt of mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy) in the multivariable model.b Asthma, other chronic lung disease, chronic heart disease (valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, or heart failure excluding hypertension), liver disease (cirrhosis or liver failure), renal disease (nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure), diabetes mellitis, immunocompromising conditions excluding HIV infection (organ transplant, immunosuppressive therapy, immunoglobulin deficiency, malignancy), neurological disease (cerebrovascular accident, spinal cord injury, seizures, neuromuscular conditions) or pregnancy. Comorbidities were considered absent in cases for which the medical records stated that the patient had no underlying medical condition or when there was no direct reference to that condition.c Receiving tuberculosis treatment or started on tuberculosis treatment during the course of the admission.d Not evaluated in the multivariable model.e Four additional cases of S. pneumoniae on blood culture not included.f Co-infection with at least one of parainfluenza virus 1, 2 and 3; respiratory syncytial virus; enterovirus; human metapneumovirus; adenovirus; rhinovirus in addition to influenza.g Children Factors associated with death amongst hospitalised patients with influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness at four sentinel surveillance sites, South Africa, 2009–2013.缩写说明：OR（Odds ratio，比值比）、CI（confidence interval，置信区间）、HIV（human immunodeficiency virus，人类免疫缺陷病毒）。 a 本多变量模型纳入的全部变量均报告了比值比与p值。针对与死亡相关的多因素分析，本研究未对可能处于结局发生连续进程中的变量（重症监护病房（ICU，Intensive Care Unit）收治、接受机械通气或氧疗）进行评估，亦未将其纳入多变量模型。 b 合并症包括哮喘、其他慢性肺部疾病、慢性心脏病（瓣膜性心脏病、冠状动脉疾病或除外高血压的心力衰竭）、肝脏疾病（肝硬化或肝衰竭）、肾脏疾病（肾病综合征、慢性肾衰竭）、糖尿病、除外人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的免疫抑制状态（器官移植、免疫抑制治疗、免疫球蛋白缺乏症、恶性肿瘤）、神经系统疾病（脑血管意外、脊髓损伤、癫痫发作、神经肌肉疾病）或妊娠。若病历明确记录患者无基础疾病，或未直接提及某一病症，则认定该合并症不存在。 c 住院期间接受抗结核治疗或启动抗结核治疗的患者。 d 未纳入多变量模型进行评估。 e 另有4例血培养检出肺炎链球菌（S. pneumoniae）的病例未被纳入分析。 f 除流感病毒感染外，同时合并副流感病毒1、2、3型、呼吸道合胞病毒、肠道病毒、人偏肺病毒、腺病毒或鼻病毒至少一种感染。 g 儿童人群：2009—2013年南非4个哨点监测点中，流感相关重症急性呼吸道感染住院患者的死亡相关影响因素。