Technical Indicators registered as a function of the playing time in Brazilian basketball

Abstract Basketball performance analysis using technical indicators dissociated from the moment they occurred in the game seems to no longer respond to emerging issues of the game as it does not identify the periods when a team’s offensive efficiency has increased or decreased. The aim was to characterize and compare the technical indicators in the positive and negative periods and in the whole game of winning and losing teams in men’s professional basketball. Fourteen games of professional men’s teams of the “Novo Basquete Brasil” Championship in the regular 2011/2012 season were filmed and analyzed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify data normality. The independent T test was used for variables with normal distribution and the Mann-Whitney test for variables that did not present normal distribution, in order to compare teams’ performance. Analysis in the whole game showed that winning teams had significantly higher averages in successful 3-point field goals but in the positive periods, they showed higher averages for successful free throws, successful layups, defensive rebounds and defensive fouls, and in negative periods, losing teams made more defensive and offensive fouls. The teams’ performance in the whole game may not elucidate the determinant indicators for building the difference in the scoreboard. It is suggested that coaches should identify the periods of best and worst teams’ performance in the game and the indicators involved, preparing teams to overcome the negative periods and obtain more positive periods in the game.摘要：脱离赛事发生时段提取技术指标开展男子职业篮球赛事表现分析，已难以适配当前赛事涌现的新问题——此类分析无法识别球队进攻效率增减的具体时段。本研究旨在对男子职业篮球赛事中胜、负球队的正向时段、负向时段及全场比赛的技术指标进行特征刻画与对比分析。研究对2011/2012赛季常规赛阶段的巴西新篮球联赛（Novo Basquete Brasil）14场男子职业赛事进行录像与分析。采用柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验（Kolmogorov-Smirnov test）验证数据正态性；针对符合正态分布的变量，采用独立样本t检验，对于不符合正态分布的变量则采用曼-惠特尼U检验（Mann-Whitney test），以此对比不同球队的赛事表现。全场比赛分析结果显示，获胜球队的三分球命中数平均值显著更高；而在正向时段，获胜球队的罚球命中数、上篮命中数、防守篮板数以及防守犯规数的平均值均显著更高；在负向时段，失利球队的防守犯规与进攻犯规次数均更多。仅基于全场比赛的赛事表现分析，无法阐明决定赛事分差的关键技术指标。本研究建议教练员应识别球队在赛事中表现最优与最差的时段及对应技术指标，以此指导球队备战，帮助球队克服负向时段并争取更多正向表现时段。