Data from: A genome-wide catalogue of single-nucleotide-polymorphisms in white-beaked and Atlantic white-sided dolphins

The field of population genetics is rapidly moving into population genomics as the quantity of data generated by High-Throughput Sequencing platforms increases. In the present study we used Restriction-site Associated DNA-Sequencing (RADSeq) to recover genome-wide genotypes from 70 white-beaked (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) and 43 Atlantic white-sided dolphins (L. acutus) gathered throughout their Northeast Atlantic distribution range. Both species are at a high risk of being negatively affected by climate change. Here we provide a resource of 38,240 RAD-tags and 52,981 nuclear SNPs shared between both species. We have estimated overall higher levels of nucleotide diversity in white-sided (π = 0.0492 ± 0.0006%) than in white-beaked dolphins (π = 0.0300 ± 0.0004%). White-sided dolphins sampled in the Faroe Islands, belonging to two pods (N=7 and N=11), showed similar levels of diversity (π = 0.0317 ± 0.0007% and 0.0267 ± 0.0006%, respectively) compared to unrelated individuals of the same species sampled elsewhere (e.g. π = 0.0285 ± 0.0007% for 11 Scottish individuals). No evidence of higher levels of kinship within pods can be derived from our analyses. When identifying the most likely number of genetic clusters among our sample set, we obtained an estimate of two to four clusters, corresponding to both species and possibly, two further clusters within each species. A higher diversity and lower population structuring was encountered in white-sided dolphins from the Northeast Atlantic, in line with their preference for pelagic waters, as opposed to white-beaked dolphins that have a more patchy distribution, mainly across continental shelves.

随着高通量测序（High-Throughput Sequencing）平台产生的数据量持续攀升，种群遗传学领域正快速向种群基因组学方向发展。本研究采用限制性酶切位点相关DNA测序（Restriction-site Associated DNA-Sequencing, RADSeq）技术，对分布于东北大西洋全域的70头白喙海豚（Lagenorhynchus albirostris）与43头大西洋白侧海豚（L. acutus）开展全基因组基因型获取工作。两种海豚均面临气候变化带来的严重负面影响风险。本研究提供了两类两个物种共有的组学资源：38240个RAD标签与52981个核单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP）位点。经估算，大西洋白侧海豚的核苷酸多样性水平（π = 0.0492 ± 0.0006%）整体高于白喙海豚（π = 0.0300 ± 0.0004%）。对采自法罗群岛、隶属于两个海豚群（样本量分别为N=7与N=11）的大西洋白侧海豚进行分析，其核苷酸多样性水平（分别为π = 0.0317 ± 0.0007%与0.0267 ± 0.0006%）与该物种在其他区域采集的无亲缘关系个体（例如11头苏格兰个体的π = 0.0285 ± 0.0007%）相近。本研究的分析未发现海豚群内部存在更高亲缘关系水平的证据。当对本研究样本集的最优遗传聚类数目进行推断时，结果显示存在2至4个聚类，分别对应两个物种，且每个物种内部可能存在额外2个聚类。东北大西洋海域的大西洋白侧海豚展现出更高的多样性与更低的种群结构分化，这与其偏好远洋生境的习性相符；而白喙海豚的分布更为零散，主要集中于大陆架海域。