Data_Sheet_1_Novel Genomic Regions of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] Discovered in Genome-Wide Association Study.docx

Fusarium wilt (FW) is a typical soil-borne disease that seriously affects the yield and fruit quality of bottle gourd. Thus, to improve resistance to FW in bottle gourd, the genetic mechanism underlying FW resistance needs to be explored. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on 5,330 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 89 bottle gourd accessions. The GWAS results revealed a total of 10 SNPs (P ≤ 0.01, −log10P ≥ 2.0) significantly associated with FW resistance that were detected in at least two environments (2019DI, 2020DI, and the average across the 2 years); these SNPs were located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 9. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) block structure analysis predicted three potential candidate genes for FW resistance. Genes HG_GLEAN_10001030 and HG_GLEAN_10001042 were within the range of the mean LD block of the marker BGReSe_14202; gene HG_GLEAN_10011803 was 280 kb upstream of the marker BGReSe_00818. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that HG_GLEAN_10011803 was significantly up-regulated in FW-infected plants of YD-4, Yin-10, and Hanbi; HG_GLEAN_10001030 and HG_GLEAN_10001042 were specifically up-regulated in FW-infected plants of YD-4. Therefore, gene HG_GLEAN_10011803 is likely the major effect candidate gene for resistance against FW in bottle gourd. This work provides scientific evidence for the exploration of candidate gene and development of functional markers in FW-resistant bottle gourd breeding programs.

尖孢镰刀菌枯萎病（Fusarium wilt, FW）是一类典型土传病害，严重影响葫芦（bottle gourd）的产量与果实品质。为提升葫芦对FW的抗病性，亟需解析其抗病遗传机制。本研究基于5330个单核苷酸多态性（single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs）标记与89份葫芦种质资源，开展全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study, GWAS）。GWAS分析结果显示，共检测到10个与FW抗病性显著关联的SNP位点（P ≤ 0.01，−log₁₀P ≥ 2.0），这些位点至少在2019DI、2020DI及两年均值共2个环境中被重复检测到，分别定位于1、2、3、4、8、9号染色体。通过连锁不平衡（linkage disequilibrium, LD）区块结构分析，本研究预测得到3个FW抗病性潜在候选基因：标记BGReSe_14202的平均LD区块范围内包含HG_GLEAN_10001030与HG_GLEAN_10001042两个基因；标记BGReSe_00818上游280 kb处存在基因HG_GLEAN_10011803。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（real-time quantitative PCR, qRT-PCR）检测结果表明，在YD-4、Yin-10与Hanbi的FW侵染植株中，HG_GLEAN_10011803均显著上调表达；而HG_GLEAN_10001030与HG_GLEAN_10001042仅在YD-4的FW侵染植株中特异性上调表达。综上，HG_GLEAN_10011803极有可能是调控葫芦FW抗病性的主效候选基因。本研究为葫芦抗病育种中的候选基因挖掘与功能标记开发提供了科学依据。