DARTS: Multi-year database of AI detected retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) in hotspots of the circum-arctic permafrost region - v1.1

This dataset, called DARTS, comprises footprints of retrogressive thaw slump (RTS) identified and quantified using an automated deep learning approach in RTS hotspots across the Arctic and Subarctic permafrost regions. We utilized multispectral PlanetScope imagery with a spatial resolution of ~3 meters (m), complemented by ArcticDEM (Digital Elevation Model) and derived datasets, including slope, relative elevation, and Landsat-derived change trends.
The dataset covers an area of 1.6 million square-kilometers (km²), with at least one coverage between 2021 and 2023, and provides annual coverage for approximately 900,000 km². In several highly active key sites, such as Banks Island, Peel Plateau, and Novaya Zemlya, we extended the data frequency and temporal coverage to 2018-2023. We mapped a total of more than 43,000 individual RTS and ALD, many of them multiple times. We offer two levels of datasets; Level 1: RTS footprints per image with timestamps; and Level 2: annually aggregated RTS footprints. Essential metadata includes image footprints, dataset coverage, timestamps, and model-specific information.
To enhance reproducibility and further use, the training labels, processing code, and model checkpoints are publicly available. This version, v1.1, is the revised first openly accessible release. The dataset will be maintained and continuously updated in both spatial and temporal extent. It can be used for mapping and quantifying RTS, analyzing spatio-temporal patterns of RTS dynamics, or serving as input for landscape dynamics models.

本数据集名为DARTS，涵盖北极及亚北极永久冻土区热融滑塌（retrogressive thaw slump, RTS）热点区域中，通过自动化深度学习方法识别并量化得到的热融滑塌足迹。本研究采用空间分辨率约3米（m）的多光谱PlanetScope影像作为核心数据源，辅以北极数字高程模型（ArcticDEM，Digital Elevation Model）及其衍生数据集，包括坡度、相对高程，以及基于Landsat提取的变化趋势数据。
该数据集覆盖总面积达160万平方千米（km²），2021至2023年间至少完成一次全域覆盖，其中约90万平方千米区域拥有年度覆盖数据。针对班克斯岛（Banks Island）、皮尔高原（Peel Plateau）、新地岛（Novaya Zemlya）等多个活跃核心研究站点，我们将数据时间频率与覆盖时段拓展至2018至2023年。本研究共标注超过43000处独立热融滑塌与活动层滑脱（ALD），其中多数对象被多次复现标注。本数据集提供两个层级的数据产品：层级1为携带时间戳的单影像热融滑塌足迹数据；层级2为年度聚合的热融滑塌足迹数据。核心元数据包括影像覆盖范围、数据集覆盖范围、时间戳以及模型专项信息。
为提升研究可复现性与后续应用潜力，训练标签、处理代码与模型检查点均已公开共享。本次发布的v1.1版本为修订后的首个公开正式版。本数据集将持续在空间与时间维度上进行维护与更新。该数据集可用于热融滑塌的制图与量化分析、热融滑塌动态的时空格局研究，或作为景观动态模型的输入数据。