Informally-Constructed houses under Typhoon

There is an urgent need to improve community capacity to recover more effectively after disasters through safer design and construction practices. To do this, training programs need to foster an improved understanding of shelter design and construction to withstand future wind and earthquake events. This project analyzed perceptions of those working in the informal construction sector of housing safety in Puerto Rico (after 2017's Hurricane Maria and the 2019-2020 earthquake swarm) and homeowner’s perceptions of housing safety in Philippines (after 2013's Typhoon Haiyan and 2017's Ormoc earthquake) to: (1) assess local understanding of shelter safety in multiple hazards, including causal factors influencing this understanding, through a household survey in the Philippines and a survey to of builders in Puerto Rico (Venable et al. 2020; Goldwyn et al. 2021; Goldwyn et al. 2022); (2) assess the expected performance of various post-disaster shelter typologies to quantify safety during future earthquake and wind events using performance-based engineering methods (see citations associated with the data sets); (3) identify conflicts between perceived and assessed safety of shelter, and why these conflicts exist, by comparing engineering assessments with local perceptions (Venable et al. 2021 and Goldwyn et al. 2022); and (4) create and assess a communication design for organizations assisting with training for safer housing construction (Goldwyn et al. 2023).

当前亟需通过更安全的设计与施工实践，提升社区灾后高效恢复的能力。为此，相关培训项目需增进各方对避难所设计与施工的认知，使其能够抵御未来的风灾与地震灾害。本项目针对波多黎各非正规建筑行业（informal construction sector）从业者（2017年玛丽亚飓风（Hurricane Maria）及2019-2020年地震群灾后）与菲律宾房主（2013年台风海燕（Typhoon Haiyan）及2017年奥莫克地震（Ormoc earthquake）灾后）的住房安全认知展开分析，具体研究目标如下：1. 依托菲律宾住户调查与波多黎各建筑从业者调查（Venable等，2020；Goldwyn等，2021；Goldwyn等，2022），评估当地民众对多灾种下避难所安全的认知水平，以及影响该认知的各类因果因素；2. 采用基于性能的工程方法（performance-based engineering），结合数据集相关引用文献，量化各类灾后避难所建筑形制在未来地震与风灾中的预期安全性能；3. 通过对比工程评估结果与当地民众的安全认知，识别二者间的认知冲突并剖析其根源（Venable等，2021；Goldwyn等，2022）；4. 为参与安全住房建设培训支持工作的各类组织设计并评估一套沟通方案（Goldwyn等，2023）。