ERA5-PrecipSR

This dataset is a regional NetCDF dataset designed for precipitation super-resolution and spatial downscaling tasks. It is constructed based on the ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present provided by the Climate Data Store.
The dataset is organized in a one-sample-per-file format and has been split into training, validation, and test sets, containing 17,892, 2,237, and 2,236 samples respectively. Each sample corresponds to a multivariate meteorological field at a specific time and over a specific region, including high-resolution total precipitation (tp), surface pressure (sp), 2-meter air temperature (t2m), relative humidity (rh), wind speed (wind), land-sea mask (land_mask), as well as the corresponding low- and high-resolution latitude and longitude coordinates.
Notably, low-resolution precipitation is not stored as an independent variable, but is dynamically downsampled from high-resolution precipitation. This design reduces data redundancy while preserving the core variables required for conducting physics-informed precipitation reconstruction research.

本数据集为一款面向降水超分辨率与空间降尺度任务的区域型网络通用数据格式（NetCDF）数据集。本数据集基于气候数据存储库（Climate Data Store）提供的1940年至今的ERA5单层级逐小时数据构建而成。
本数据集采用单样本单文件的组织形式，并划分为训练集、验证集与测试集，样本量分别为17892、2237和2236。每个样本对应特定时空区域下的多变量气象场，包含高分辨率总降水量（tp）、地表气压（sp）、2米气温（t2m）、相对湿度（rh）、风速（wind）、海陆掩码（land_mask），以及对应低分辨率与高分辨率的经纬度坐标。
值得注意的是，本数据集未将低分辨率降水作为独立变量存储，而是从高分辨率降水中动态下采样得到。该设计在减少数据冗余的同时，保留了开展物理驱动的降水重建研究所需的核心变量。