ABO Genotype, ‘Blood-Type’ Diet and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

BackgroundThe ‘Blood-Type’ diet advises individuals to eat according to their ABO blood group to improve their health and decrease risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. However, the association between blood type-based dietary patterns and health outcomes has not been examined. The objective of this study was to determine the association between ‘blood-type’ diets and biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and whether an individual's ABO genotype modifies any associations.MethodsSubjects (n = 1,455) were participants of the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health study. Dietary intake was assessed using a one-month, 196-item food frequency questionnaire and a diet score was calculated to determine relative adherence to each of the four ‘Blood-Type’ diets. ABO blood group was determined by genotyping rs8176719 and rs8176746 in the ABO gene. ANCOVA, with age, sex, ethnicity, and energy intake as covariates, was used to compare cardiometabolic biomarkers across tertiles of each ‘Blood-Type’ diet score.ResultsAdherence to the Type-A diet was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-Beta (PConclusionsAdherence to certain ‘Blood-Type’ diets is associated with favorable effects on some cardiometabolic risk factors, but these associations were independent of an individual's ABO genotype, so the findings do not support the ‘Blood-Type’ diet hypothesis.## 研究背景 血型饮食（Blood-Type diet）主张个体根据自身ABO血型选择膳食，以改善健康状况并降低心血管疾病等慢性病的发病风险。然而，目前尚未有研究探讨基于血型的饮食模式与健康结局之间的关联。本研究旨在明确血型饮食与心血管代谢健康生物标志物之间的关联，以及个体ABO基因型是否会对上述关联产生修饰效应。 ## 研究方法 本研究的1455名研究对象均来自多伦多营养基因组学与健康研究（Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health study）。采用为期1个月、包含196个条目的食物频率问卷（food frequency questionnaire）评估受试者的膳食摄入情况，并计算饮食评分以衡量其对四种血型饮食的相对依从程度。通过对ABO基因上的rs8176719与rs8176746位点进行基因分型，确定受试者的ABO血型。以年龄、性别、种族及能量摄入作为协变量，采用协方差分析（ANCOVA）比较各血型饮食评分三分位组间的心血管代谢生物标志物水平。 ## 研究结果 对A型饮食的依从性与更低的体重指数（BMI）、腰围、血压、血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）及β细胞功能指数（HOMA-Beta）显著相关（P）。 ## 研究结论 对部分血型饮食的依从性与某些心血管代谢危险因素的改善存在关联，但此类关联不受个体ABO基因型的影响，因此本研究结果并不支持血型饮食假说。