Characteristics of myopic and hyperopic eyes in patients with antimetropia

Antimetropia is a rare type of anisometropia in which one eye is myopic and the fellow is hyperopic, This optical condition condition permits the evaluation of both sides of the emmetropisation process failure in the same individual by minimising genetic and environmental factors. This study aimed to evaluate the ocular biometric, retinal, and choroidal characteristics of myopic and hyperopic eyes of antimetropic subjects older than six years. In this retrospective study, myopic and hyperopic eyes of 29 antimetropic patients with a spherical equivalent (SE) difference of at least 2.00D between the eyes were included. Axial length (AL), mean corneal keratometry, anterior chamber depth, the proportion of anterior chamber depth in AL, crystalline lens power, central macular thicknesses, disc-to-fovea distance, fovea-disc angle, peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thicknesses, and subfoveal choroidal features were compared between the eyes. The prevalence of amblyopia was determined. Refractive parameters and total astigmatic profile were evaluated in eyes with and without amblyopia. The median absolute SE and AL differences between the eyes were 3.50D (interquartile range:1.75) and 1.18 mm (interquartile range:0.76), respectively (p p = 0.343). The highest interocular SE and AL difference and the highest frequency of anisoastigmatism were observed in patients with amblyopia in the myopic eye. Each ocular structure may respond differently to, or may be affected differently by, ametropic conditions.