Recent progress of metal–graphene

Metal–graphene nanostructures (NSs) as photocatalysts, prepared using simple and scalable synthesismethods, are gaining heightened attention as novel materials for water treatment and environmentalremediation applications. Graphene, the unique few layers sheet-like arrangement of sp2 hybridizedcarbon atoms, has an inimitable two-dimensional (2D) structure. The material is highly conductive, hashigh electron mobility and an extremely high surface area, and can be produced on a large scale at lowcost. Accordingly, it has been considered as an essential base component for producing various metalbasedNSs. In particular, metal-graphene NSs as photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention because of their special surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect that can improve their performance for the removal of toxic dyes and other pollutants. This review summarizes the recent and advanced progress for the easy fabrication and design of graphene-based NSs as photocatalysts, as a novel tool, using a range of approaches, including green and biogenic approaches.

金属-石墨烯纳米结构（NSs）作为光催化剂（photocatalysts），采用简易且可规模化的合成方法制备，作为用于水处理与环境修复的新型材料正受到愈发广泛的关注。石墨烯是由sp²杂化碳原子构成的独特少层片状排布结构，拥有独一无二的二维（2D）结构。该材料具备高导电性、极高的电子迁移率与极大的比表面积，且可低成本大规模制备，因此被视作制备各类金属基纳米结构的关键基础组分。尤为引人关注的是，金属-石墨烯纳米结构作为光催化剂，凭借可提升有毒染料与其他污染物去除效能的独特表面等离子体共振（SPR）效应，广受学界关注。本综述总结了近年来通过包括绿色合成法与生物合成法在内的多种策略，对作为新型工具的石墨烯基纳米结构光催化剂进行简易制备与设计的前沿进展。