CatVolc: A new database of geochemical and geochronological data of volcanic-related materials from the Catalan Volcanic Zone (Spain)

The Catalan Volcanic Zone (CVZ) (NE Spain) consists of an intraplate alkaline volcanic zone associated with the opening of the Western Mediterranean and the development of the European Rift System. Volcanic activity in the CVZ started in the L’Empordà area (ca. > 12 - 8 Ma), extended to La Selva (7.9 - 1.7 Ma), and finally migrated to the Garrotxa Volcanic Field (< 0.7 - 0.01Ma). Despite the scientific interest in the CVZ since the early 19th century, certain aspects remain poorly constrained. These include a full understanding of the spatial and temporal evolution of the magma plumbing system and ascent mechanisms, as well as the chronology of volcanism across the CVZ. Addressing these unresolved questions requires geochemical, petrological, and geochronological data, which, in the case of the CVZ, are scattered and have never been integrated or analyzed within a unified framework. Here, we present the CatVolc (Catalan Volcanism) database, which compiles available geochemical and geochronological data of volcanic-related materials of the CVZ.  For each sample, the CatVolc database lists general information about the sampling site, sample lithology, whole-rock analyses (including major and trace elements), isotopic ratios, mineral chemistry, and radiometric/thermoluminescence dating information, if available. A preliminary analysis of the information contained in the CatVolc database highlights the critical limitations of the current state of knowledge and allows suggesting potential future directions for volcanic-driven investigations in the CVZ. Additionally, the results obtained validate the CatVolc database as a key tool for comprehending the spatial and temporal evolution of the magmatic system(s) and volcanic activity in the CVZ, particularly in the Garrotxa Volcanic Field. This aspect is critical for advancing in the assessment of the volcanic hazards in the region and for gaining a comprehensive understanding of future volcanic activity.

The current database version consists of three MS Excel files dedicated to primary magmatic rocks (CatVolc_magmatic_rocks.xlsx), xenoliths (CatVolc_xenoliths.xlsx) and radiometric/thermoluminescence dating information (CatVolc_dating.xlsx). Each MS Excel file is structured around a main table (Samples_general_info) containing general information (e.g., location, age, sampling site) of the listed samples, and a certain number of secondary tables.  Secondary tables included in the MS Excel files for magmatic rocks and xenoliths report: (i) whole-rock geochemistry (Major_elements and Trace_elements); (ii) isotopic relations data (Isotopic_relations); and (iii) mineral and volcanic glass chemistry (Amphibole, Feldspar, Felspathoid, Glass, Mica, Olivine, Pyroxene, Oxides, Serpentines and Sulphides). In addition to the Samples_general_info table, the CatVolc_dating.xlsx also includes radiometric/thermoluminescence dating information (Dating). Finally, in all three Excel files, we have incorporated a table with consulted references (References) and a glossary of the acronyms used for the parameters included in the main and secondary tables (Codes).

加泰罗尼亚火山带（Catalan Volcanic Zone, CVZ）位于西班牙东北部，是与西地中海张裂作用及欧洲裂谷系统发育相关的板内碱性火山带。该火山带的火山活动最早始于恩波尔达（L’Empordà）地区（约>12~8 Ma），随后扩展至拉塞尔瓦（La Selva）地区（7.9~1.7 Ma），最终迁移至加罗特萨火山田（Garrotxa Volcanic Field）（<0.7~0.01 Ma）。尽管自19世纪早期以来，加泰罗尼亚火山带就已受到科研界的广泛关注，但仍有诸多科学问题尚未得到明确约束，例如岩浆管道系统与上升机制的完整时空演化过程，以及整个火山带的火山活动年代学框架。要解决这些未决问题，需要获取地球化学、岩石学与年代学相关数据，但目前加泰罗尼亚火山带的此类数据较为零散，尚未在统一的研究框架下完成整合与系统分析。

本文介绍了CatVolc（加泰罗尼亚火山活动）数据库，该数据库整合了加泰罗尼亚火山带所有与火山活动相关物质的现有地球化学与年代学数据。对于每一个样品，CatVolc数据库均收录了采样点基本信息、样品岩性、全岩分析数据（包括主量元素与微量元素）、同位素比值、矿物化学组成，以及可获取的放射性/热释光测年信息。对CatVolc数据库中现有信息的初步分析，既明确了当前认知的关键局限性，也为加泰罗尼亚火山带后续的火山学研究指明了潜在方向。此外，分析结果验证了CatVolc数据库可作为理解该火山带（尤其是加罗特萨火山田）岩浆系统与火山活动时空演化的核心工具，这一点对于推进该区域火山灾害评估以及全面理解未来火山活动至关重要。

当前版本的数据库包含三个Microsoft Excel电子表格文件，分别对应原生岩浆岩（CatVolc_magmatic_rocks.xlsx）、捕虏体（CatVolc_xenoliths.xlsx）以及放射性/热释光测年信息（CatVolc_dating.xlsx）。每个电子表格文件均以主表"Samples_general_info"为核心结构，该表收录了所列样品的基础信息（如位置、年代、采样点），同时附带若干副表。针对原生岩浆岩与捕虏体的电子表格文件，其副表包含：(i) 全岩地球化学数据（Major_elements与Trace_elements）；(ii) 同位素相关数据（Isotopic_relations）；(iii) 矿物与火山玻璃化学组成（Amphibole、Feldspar、Felspathoid、Glass、Mica、Olivine、Pyroxene、Oxides、Serpentines以及Sulphides）。除"Samples_general_info"主表外，CatVolc_dating.xlsx还包含放射性/热释光测年信息表（Dating）。最后，在三个电子表格文件中，我们均加入了参考文献表（References）以及主副表中参数所用缩写的术语表（Codes）。