Effect of caffeine on vestibular evoked myogenic potential: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract Introduction: Caffeine can be considered the most consumed drug by adults worldwide, and can be found in several foods, such as chocolate, coffee, tea, soda and others. Overall, caffeine in moderate doses, results in increased physical and intellectual productivity, increases the capacity of concentration and reduces the time of reaction to sensory stimuli. On the other hand, high doses can cause noticeable signs of mental confusion and error induction in intellectual tasks, anxiety, restlessness, muscle tremors, tachycardia, labyrinthine changes, and tinnitus. Objective: Considering that the vestibular evoked myogenic potential is a clinical test that evaluates the muscular response of high intensity auditory stimulation, the present systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of caffeine on vestibular evoked myogenic potential. Methods: This study consisted of the search of the following databases: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO and ClinicalTrials.gov. Additionally, the gray literature was also searched. The search strategy included terms related to intervention (caffeine or coffee consumption) and the primary outcome (vestibular evoked myogenic potential). Results: Based on the 253 potentially relevant articles identified through the database search, only two full-text publications were retrieved for further evaluation, which were maintained for qualitative analysis. Conclusion: Analyzing the articles found, caffeine has no effect on vestibular evoked myogenic potential in normal individuals.

引言：咖啡因可被视为全球成年人摄入最广泛的精神活性药物，广泛存在于巧克力、咖啡、茶、碳酸饮料等多种食品与饮品中。总体而言，适量摄入咖啡因可提升躯体与认知功能表现，增强注意力集中度，并缩短感官刺激反应时。反之，高剂量摄入则可能引发明显的精神错乱、认知任务出错率升高、焦虑、躁动、肌肉震颤、心动过速、前庭迷路改变以及耳鸣等不良反应。研究目的：鉴于前庭诱发肌源性电位（vestibular evoked myogenic potential）是一项用于评估高强度听觉刺激下肌肉响应的临床检测技术，本系统综述旨在分析咖啡因对前庭诱发肌源性电位的影响。研究方法：本研究检索了MEDLINE、CENTRAL、ScienceDirect、Scopus、Web of Science、LILACS、SciELO以及ClinicalTrials.gov等数据库，同时对灰色文献进行了检索。检索策略涵盖与干预措施（咖啡因或咖啡摄入）及主要结局指标（前庭诱发肌源性电位）相关的关键词组。研究结果：通过数据库检索共识别出253篇潜在相关文献，最终仅纳入2篇全文文献开展进一步评估，并用于定性分析。研究结论：对纳入文献的分析结果显示，对于健康个体而言，咖啡因对前庭诱发肌源性电位无显著影响。