Hurricane Wind Impact on Informally-Constructed Houses: Current and Climate Change Scenarios

There is an urgent need to improve community capacity to recover more effectively after disasters through safer design and construction practices. To do this, training programs need to foster an improved understanding of shelter design and construction to withstand future wind and earthquake events. This project analyzed perceptions of those working in the informal construction sector of housing safety in Puerto Rico (after 2017's Hurricane Maria and the 2019-2020 earthquake swarm) and homeowner’s perceptions of housing safety in Philippines (after 2013's Typhoon Haiyan and 2017's Ormoc earthquake) to: (1) assess local understanding of shelter safety in multiple hazards, including causal factors influencing this understanding, through a household survey in the Philippines and a survey to of builders in Puerto Rico (Venable et al. 2020; Goldwyn et al. 2021; Goldwyn et al. 2022); (2) assess the expected performance of various post-disaster shelter typologies to quantify safety during future earthquake and wind events using performance-based engineering methods (see citations associated with the data sets); (3) identify conflicts between perceived and assessed safety of shelter, and why these conflicts exist, by comparing engineering assessments with local perceptions (Venable et al. 2021 and Goldwyn et al. 2022); and (4) create and assess a communication design for organizations assisting with training for safer housing construction (Goldwyn et al. 2023).

当前亟需通过更安全的设计与施工实践，提升社区在灾后高效恢复的能力。为此，相关培训项目需强化从业者对避难所设计与施工的认知，使其能够抵御未来的风灾与地震灾害。本项目针对波多黎各2017年飓风玛丽亚（Hurricane Maria）及2019-2020年地震群（earthquake swarm）灾后，非正规建筑行业从业者对住房安全的认知，以及菲律宾2013年台风海燕（Typhoon Haiyan）及2017年奥莫克地震（Ormoc earthquake）灾后房主对住房安全的认知展开分析，旨在：
1. 通过菲律宾的住户调查与波多黎各的建筑从业者调查（Venable等人，2020；Goldwyn等人，2021；Goldwyn等人，2022），评估当地民众对多灾种下避难所安全的认知水平，以及影响该认知的因果因素；
2. 采用基于性能的工程（performance-based engineering）方法，评估各类灾后避难所典型设计的预期性能，以量化其在未来地震与风灾中的安全等级（详见数据集相关引用文献）；
3. 通过将工程安全评估与当地民众的认知进行对比（Venable等人，2021；Goldwyn等人，2022），识别避难所感知安全与实际评估安全之间的矛盾，并剖析此类矛盾产生的根源；
4. 为协助开展安全住房施工培训的机构设计传播方案，并对该方案进行评估（Goldwyn等人，2023）。