TGO Ramfjordmoen Ionosonde Data January 1986

About this dataset: This dataset contains ionograms in PNG format and covers data from January 01-31, 1986.About the Tromsø Ionosonde (1984-1992): During the period 1984-1992 the Ionosonde was situated at 69° 35' N, 19° 13' E at Ramfjordmoen near Tromsø, Norway and operated by the Auroral Observatory of the University of Tromsø. The instrument operated at this location prior to 1984, and still operates there (as of 2018); see the related publication for details. The instrument was fully digitized and based on a Hewlett Packard 21MX computer. The combination of a low power transmitter and complementary code transmission made the Tromsø ionosonde equivalent to a conventional ionosonde (at the time) with 20 µs pulses and 16 kW peak power. Routine operation was one ionogram every 20 min with a frequency sweep from 1 MHz to 12 MHz lasting between 2 and 3 min. For the 100 km altitude region the precision of determining the height of a sporadic E layer is ± 3 km. The ionograms were stored on magnetic tape. A noise discrimination routine in the computer program reduced the stored data to less than 10% of the raw data. In this way one 2400' tape held about 1300 ionograms, equivalent to 18 days' data. The tapes were 4-11 years old when they were read, resulting in around 20% data-loss during the process of transferring to other media. Today, storage is on online disk and with offline an archive on a variety of media.

本数据集说明：本数据集包含PNG格式的电离图（ionogram），涵盖1986年1月1日至31日的观测数据。特罗姆瑟电离测高仪（Tromsø Ionosonde，1984-1992年概况）：1984至1992年间，该电离测高仪部署于挪威特罗姆瑟附近的拉姆峡湾莫恩（Ramfjordmoen），地理坐标为北纬69°35′、东经19°13′，由特罗姆瑟大学极光观测台负责运维。该仪器早在1984年之前便已在此处运行，且截至2018年仍在持续运作；详细技术细节可参阅相关学术出版物。该仪器实现全数字化设计，核心运算平台为惠普（Hewlett Packard）21MX计算机。低功耗发射机与互补码传输技术的结合，令该测高仪的性能等效于同期采用20 µs脉冲、峰值功率16 kW的传统电离测高仪。常规运行模式下，每20分钟生成一幅电离图，扫频范围为1 MHz至12 MHz，单次扫频耗时2至3分钟。针对100公里高度区间的偶发E层（sporadic E layer），其高度测量精度可达±3 km。早期电离图均存储于磁带介质中。计算机程序内置的噪声甄别算法可将存储数据压缩至原始数据的10%以内。按此存储效率，一盘2400英尺长的磁带可存储约1300幅电离图，相当于18天的观测数据总量。这批磁带在被读取时已有4至11年的存储年限，因此在向其他介质迁移的过程中出现了约20%的数据丢失情况。目前，该数据集已在线存储于磁盘，并辅以多介质离线归档方案。