GUSTAVO CAPANEMA AND SECUNDARY EDUCATION IN BRAZIL: THE INVENTION OF A LEGACY

Abstract This article poses a problem for the political history of education: what would be the indication of the option of making secondary education the most attractive branch of secondary education, in a time of accelerated change to a prototype of a mass society, organized around an incipient free labor market, leveraged by the growth of industrial production and the urban way of life? Despite the controversial results of this option, unable to break with the elitist educational model, a work of social construction of memory made there for organized by Minister Gustavo Capanema in 1942 to be recognized as a synonym for quality education. In this sense, understanding the role of the relations of the modernizing state with the more conservative sectors of society, strongly represented by private educational institutions, reproducing school processes of social selectivity, can be a fruitful path of research.摘要 本文针对教育政治史提出核心议题：在以新兴自由劳动力市场为组织根基、由工业生产增长与都市生活方式发展推动的快速向大众社会原型转型的时代，将中等教育打造为中等教育体系中最具吸引力的分支，这一选择将产生何种影响？尽管该选择未能突破精英主义教育模式，且实施效果颇具争议，但1942年由古斯塔沃·卡帕内马（Gustavo Capanema）部长在此牵头开展的社会记忆建构工作，如今已成为优质教育的代名词。就此而言，厘清现代化国家与以私立教育机构为核心代表的社会保守群体之间的关系——后者维系着带有社会遴选属性的学校教育过程——或将成为一条富有成效的研究路径。