Data from: Coordinated dispersal and pre-Isthmian assembly of the Central American ichthyofauna

We document patterns of coordinated dispersal over evolutionary time frames in heroine cichlids and poeciliine live-bearers, the two most species-rich clades of freshwater fishes in the Caribbean basin. Observed dispersal rate (DO) values were estimated from time-calibrated molecular phylogenies in Lagrange+, a modified version of the ML-based parametric biogeographic program Lagrange. DO is measured in units of ‘wallaces’ (wa) as the number of biogeographic range-expansion events per million years. DO estimates were generated on a dynamic paleogeographic landscape of five areas over three time intervals from Upper Cretaceous to Recent. Expected dispersal rate (DE) values were generated from alternative paleogeographic models, with dispersal rates proportional to target area and source-river discharge volume, and inversely proportional to paleogeographic distance. Correlations between DO and DE were used to assess the relative contributions of these three biogeographic parameters. DO estimates imply a persistent dispersal corridor across the Eastern (Antillean) margin of the Caribbean plate, under the influence of prevailing and perennial riverine discharge vectors such as the Proto-Orinoco-Amazon (POA) river. Ancestral area estimation places the earliest colonizations of the Greater Antilles and Central America (GACA) during the Paleocene-Eocene (c. 58-45 Ma), potentially during the existence of an incomplete Paleogene Arc (~59 Ma) or Lesser Antilles Arc (~45 Ma), but predating the GAARlandia land bridge (~34-33 Ma). Paleogeographic distance is the single best predictor of DO. The Western (Central American) plate margin did not serve as a dispersal corridor until the Late Neogene (12-0 Ma), and contributed relatively little to the formation of modern distributions.

本数据集记录了慈鲷科Heroini支系（heroine cichlids）与花鳉科胎生类群（poeciliine live-bearers）在进化时间尺度上的协同扩散模式，二者为加勒比海盆地淡水鱼类中物种丰富度最高的两个支系。观测扩散速率（DO，observed dispersal rate）通过Lagrange+软件估算得到，该软件是基于最大似然（ML）的参数化生物地理学程序Lagrange的改进版本，其估算基于时间校准的分子系统发育树。DO以“沃拉斯（wa，wallaces）”为单位，定义为每百万年发生的生物地理范围扩张事件数量。本次DO估算基于一套涵盖5个区域的动态古地理景观模型，时间跨度从上白垩世至现代，共划分为3个时间区间。期望扩散速率（DE，expected dispersal rate）则基于多套备选古地理模型生成，其扩散速率与目标区域面积、源河径流量呈正相关，与古地理距离呈负相关。通过对比DO与DE之间的相关性，可评估上述三类生物地理学参数的相对贡献度。DO估算结果显示，受原奥里诺科-亚马孙（POA，Proto-Orinoco-Amazon）河这类盛行且持续的河流径流量输运载体影响，加勒比板块东部（安的列斯）边缘存在一条长期稳定的扩散廊道。祖先区域重建结果表明，大安的列斯群岛与中美洲（GACA，Greater Antilles and Central America）的最早殖民事件发生在古新世-始新世时期（约5800万至4500万年前），可能对应古近纪弧（约5900万年前）或小安的列斯弧（约4500万年前）的形成阶段，但早于GAARlandia陆桥的存在时期（约3400万至3300万年前）。古地理距离是预测DO的最佳单一因子。加勒比板块西部（中美洲）边缘直至晚新近纪（1200万至0年前）才成为有效扩散廊道，其对现代物种分布格局形成的贡献相对有限。