TABLE 1 in Efficacy of Aqueous Extracts from Syzygium aromaticum, Tephrosia vogelii, and Croton dichogamus against Myzus persicae on Brassica oleracea in Northern Tanzania

TABLE 1: Mean population of M. persicae per crop in response to treatments applied weekly. Site and treatmentsWeek 1 before Treatment1Weeks after treatment 2 3 45SeasonsWet season 1 (2019)0.87 ± 0.05b0.66 ± 0.06a0.55 ± 0.06a0.49 ± 0.06b0.51 ± 0.08b0.57 ± 0.09bWet season 2 (2020)1.05 ± 0.05a0.52 ± 0.04b0.54 ± 0.05a0.67 ± 0.07a0.76 ± 0.07a0.76 ± 0.08aSiteTengeru1.15 ± 0.05a0.62 ± 0.05a0.55 ± 0.06a0.58 ± 0.07a0.68 ± 0.08a0.74 ± 0.09aBoro0.76 ± 0.04b0.55 ± 0.05a0.54 ± 0.05a0.57 ± 0.07a0.59 ± 0.07a0.59 ± 0.08bTreatmentsW1.165 ± 0.09a1.71 ± 0.17a1.86 ± 0.19a2.15 ± 0.16a2.44 ± 0.21a2.67 ± 0.18aW + s0.89 ± 0.11a1.54 ± 0.15a1.42 ± 0.14ab1.93 ± 0.23a2.21 ± 0.16a2.76 ± 0.14aS. p1.08 ± 0.15a0.14 ± 0.04f0.18 ± 0.09fgh0.18 ± 0.07ef0.21 ± 0.07cde0.18 ± 0.05efC. d (1%)1.13 ± 0.15a0.71 ± 0.08b0.64 ± 0.12cd0.54 ± 0.07bcd0.60 ± 0.07b0.54 ± 0.06bcC. d (5%)0.83 ± 0.13a0.45 ± 0.04cd0.47 ± 0.05cde0.39 ± 0.06cde0.39 ± 0.05bcde0.36 ± 0.05cdeC. d (10%)0.96 ± 0.13a0.46 ± 0.04cd0.40 ± 0.08cdef0.20 ± 0.05ef0.38 ± 0.07bcde0.35 ± 0.05cdefS. a (1%)0.98 ± 0.10a0.60 ± 0.08bc0.56 ± 0.07cd0.61 ± 0.07b0.63 ± 0.12b0.66 ± 0.09bS. a (5%)0.81 ± 0.11a0.45 ± 0.06cd0.45 ± 0.06cde0.39 ± 0.06bcde0.46 ± 0.10bcd0.31 ± 0.05cdefS. a (10%)0.94 ± 0.12a0.36 ± 0.04def0.31 ± 0.06efgh0.28 ± 0.05def0.20 ± 0.05de0.24 ± 0.04efT. v (1%)0.88 ± 0.15a0.50 ± 0.07bcd0.58 ± 0.06cd0.55 ± 0.09bc0.49 ± 0.09bc0.48 ± 0.10bcdT. v (5%)0.93 ± 0.16a0.41 ± 0.07cde0.35 ± 0.05defg0.33 ± 0.07cdef0.29 ± 0.06bcde0.24 ± 0.05efT. v (10%)1.04 ± 0.16a0.29 ± 0.04def0.15 ± 0.02fg0.16 ± 0.03ef0.16 ± 0.04f0.17 ± 0.04efM. p. (2.5%)0.88 ± 0.12a0.38 ± 0.08cde0.20 ± 0.03fgh0.30 ± 0.07cdef0.26 ± 0.07cde0.25 ± 0.07defM. p. (5%)0.96 ± 0.10a0.20 ± 0.04ef0.10 ± 0.03h0.12 ± 0.03f0.14 ± 0.04f0.13 ± 0.04f3-way ANOVA(F-statistics)Season (S)8.40∗∗10.86∗∗0.03 ns15.59∗∗∗26.84∗∗∗24.98∗∗∗Site (L)36.90∗∗∗3.15 ns0.00 ns0.06 ns3.33 ns15.91∗∗∗Treatments (T)0.77 ns34.63∗∗∗37.92∗∗∗54.88∗∗∗64.37∗∗∗146.59∗∗∗S ∗ L0.07 ns4.83∗∗∗14.93∗∗∗4.77∗9.39∗∗7.82∗∗S ∗ T0.31 ns2.46∗∗1.32 ns1.61 ns1.42 ns1.98 nsL ∗ T0.66 ns0.34 ns0.74 ns0.89 ns0.74 ns1.01 nsS ∗ L ∗ T0.86 ns0.90 ns2.67∗∗2.37 ns0.79 ns1.76 ns Each value is a mean ± standard error of sixteen replicates, ∗, ∗∗, and ∗∗∗: significant at P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01, and P ≤ 0.001, respectively, and ns means not significant. Means within the same column followed by the same letter (s) are not significantly different at P � 0.05 from each other using Fisher’s Least significant Difference (LSD) test.表1 每周施加不同处理后作物上桃蚜（M. persicae）的平均种群数量 试验地点与处理方式 处理前第1周 施药后第1周 施药后第2周 施药后第3周 施药后第4周 施药后第5周 湿季1（2019年） 0.87 ± 0.05b 0.66 ± 0.06a 0.55 ± 0.06a 0.49 ± 0.06b 0.51 ± 0.08b 0.57 ± 0.09b 湿季2（2020年） 1.05 ± 0.05a 0.52 ± 0.04b 0.54 ± 0.05a 0.67 ± 0.07a 0.76 ± 0.07a 0.76 ± 0.08a Tengeru 1.15 ± 0.05a 0.62 ± 0.05a 0.55 ± 0.06a 0.58 ± 0.07a 0.68 ± 0.08a 0.74 ± 0.09a Boro 0.76 ± 0.04b 0.55 ± 0.05a 0.54 ± 0.05a 0.57 ± 0.07a 0.59 ± 0.07a 0.59 ± 0.08b W 1.165 ± 0.09a 1.71 ± 0.17a 1.86 ± 0.19a 2.15 ± 0.16a 2.44 ± 0.21a 2.67 ± 0.18a W + s 0.89 ± 0.11a 1.54 ± 0.15a 1.42 ± 0.14ab 1.93 ± 0.23a 2.21 ± 0.16a 2.76 ± 0.14a S. p 1.08 ± 0.15a 0.14 ± 0.04f 0.18 ± 0.09fgh 0.18 ± 0.07ef 0.21 ± 0.07cde 0.18 ± 0.05ef C. d (1%) 1.13 ± 0.15a 0.71 ± 0.08b 0.64 ± 0.12cd 0.54 ± 0.07bcd 0.60 ± 0.07b 0.54 ± 0.06bc C. d (5%) 0.83 ± 0.13a 0.45 ± 0.04cd 0.47 ± 0.05cde 0.39 ± 0.06cde 0.39 ± 0.05bcde 0.36 ± 0.05cde C. d (10%) 0.96 ± 0.13a 0.46 ± 0.04cd 0.40 ± 0.08cdef 0.20 ± 0.05ef 0.38 ± 0.07bcde 0.35 ± 0.05cdef S. a (1%) 0.98 ± 0.10a 0.60 ± 0.08bc 0.56 ± 0.07cd 0.61 ± 0.07b 0.63 ± 0.12b 0.66 ± 0.09b S. a (5%) 0.81 ± 0.11a 0.45 ± 0.06cd 0.45 ± 0.06cde 0.39 ± 0.06bcde 0.46 ± 0.10bcd 0.31 ± 0.05cdef S. a (10%) 0.94 ± 0.12a 0.36 ± 0.04def 0.31 ± 0.06efgh 0.28 ± 0.05def 0.20 ± 0.05de 0.24 ± 0.04ef T. v (1%) 0.88 ± 0.15a 0.50 ± 0.07bcd 0.58 ± 0.06cd 0.55 ± 0.09bc 0.49 ± 0.09bc 0.48 ± 0.10bcd T. v (5%) 0.93 ± 0.16a 0.41 ± 0.07cde 0.35 ± 0.05defg 0.33 ± 0.07cdef 0.29 ± 0.06bcde 0.24 ± 0.05ef T. v (10%) 1.04 ± 0.16a 0.29 ± 0.04def 0.15 ± 0.02fg 0.16 ± 0.03ef 0.16 ± 0.04f 0.17 ± 0.04ef M. p. (2.5%) 0.88 ± 0.12a 0.38 ± 0.08cde 0.20 ± 0.03fgh 0.30 ± 0.07cdef 0.26 ± 0.07cde 0.25 ± 0.07def M. p. (5%) 0.96 ± 0.10a 0.20 ± 0.04ef 0.10 ± 0.03h 0.12 ± 0.03f 0.14 ± 0.04f 0.13 ± 0.04f 三因素方差分析（3-way ANOVA）结果 因素 处理前第1周 施药后第1周 施药后第2周 施药后第3周 施药后第4周 施药后第5周 Season (S) 8.40∗∗ 10.86∗∗ 0.03 ns 15.59∗∗∗ 26.84∗∗∗ 24.98∗∗∗ Site (L) 36.90∗∗∗ 3.15 ns 0.00 ns 0.06 ns 3.33 ns 15.91∗∗∗ Treatments (T) 0.77 ns 34.63∗∗∗ 37.92∗∗∗ 54.88∗∗∗ 64.37∗∗∗ 146.59∗∗∗ S × L 0.07 ns 4.83∗∗ 14.93∗∗ 4.77∗ 9.39∗∗ 7.82∗∗ S × T 0.31 ns 2.46∗∗ 1.32 ns 1.61 ns 1.42 ns 1.98 ns L × T 0.66 ns 0.34 ns 0.74 ns 0.89 ns 0.74 ns 1.01 ns S × L × T 0.86 ns 0.90 ns 2.67∗∗ 2.37 ns 0.79 ns 1.76 ns 注：所有数值均为16次重复的平均值±标准误；*、**、***分别表示在P≤0.05、P≤0.01、P≤0.001水平下差异显著，ns表示差异无统计学意义。采用费舍尔最小显著差异（Fisher’s Least Significant Difference, LSD）检验，同列中标注相同字母的处理组间在P≥0.05水平下差异不显著。