Northern European AC/DC power system model with a North Sea Wind Power Hub

In many power systems, the increased penetration of inverter-based renewable generation will cause a decrease in kinetic energy storage, leading to higher frequency excursions after a power disturbance. This is the case of the future Nordic Power System (NPS). The look-ahead study reported in [1] shows that the chosen units participating in Frequency Containment Reserves (FCR) cannot keep the frequency above the prescribed threshold following the outage of the largest plant. This analysis relies on this detailed model of the Northern European grid. The model includes the HVDC links that connect the NPS to the rest of the European grid and the HVDC links are equipped with an emergency power controller, which can supplement or even replace part of the FCR. Moreover, the model includes the future North Sea Wind Power Hub under two configurations, namely low and zero inertia, which is connected through HVDC links. The model is provided in PowerFactory format and is publicly available. Citeable as: [1] D. Obradovic, M. Dijokas, G. Misyris, T. Weckesser and T. Van Cutsem, "Frequency dynamics of the Northern European AC/DC power system: a look-ahead study," in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3154720.在诸多电力系统中，基于变流器的可再生能源发电并网渗透率不断提升，将导致系统动能储能容量下降，进而在电力扰动后引发更为剧烈的频率偏移。未来北欧电力系统（Nordic Power System, NPS）正是面临这一问题的典型场景。文献[1]所载的前瞻性研究表明，当最大容量机组停运后，参与频率控制备用（Frequency Containment Reserves, FCR）的选定机组无法将系统频率维持在规定阈值以上。本分析依托的正是这套北欧电网精细化模型。该模型涵盖了连接北欧电力系统与欧洲其他电网的高压直流输电（HVDC）链路，且此类链路搭载了应急功率控制器，可补充甚至替代部分频率控制备用容量。此外，该模型还包含两种运行配置（低惯量与零惯量）下的未来北海风电枢纽，该枢纽通过高压直流输电链路实现并网。该模型以PowerFactory格式提供，且可公开获取。引用格式如下：[1] D. Obradovic、M. Dijokas、G. Misyris、T. Weckesser 与 T. Van Cutsem, "Frequency dynamics of the Northern European AC/DC power system: a look-ahead study", in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3154720。