Development of the Pregnancy and Motherhood Evaluation Questionnaire (PMEQ) for evaluating and measuring the impact of physical disability on pregnancy and the management of motherhood: a pilot study

The aim of this study was to develop a questionnaire that allows researchers to investigate and measure the impact of physical disability on pregnancy and the management of motherhood. Such a questionnaire requires good internal consistency. The tool was developed following a study conducted in 2013 in the United States consisting of a semi-structured interview with open-ended questions. A team of three experts drafted and refined the questions, generating 31 retrospective, self-rated, and predefined questions (answered using a 5-point Likert scale). A statistical analysis of the instrument was also included, to assess its reliability and internal consistency. The Pregnancy and Motherhood Evaluation Questionnaire (PMEQ) was prepared. It is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of an initial section and three subscales. In this phase of the study, 35 women with different pathologies leading to physical disability were recruited and completed the questionnaire. The PMEQ was found to have a good internal consistency. Cronbach’s α was 0.812 (p > 0.05). The PMEQ has proven to be a valid, reliable, and rapid administrative tool useful for investigating and measuring the impact of physical disability on the management of pregnancy and motherhood.IMPLICATION FOR REHABILITATIONThis study provides researchers and clinicians a new tool for the evaluation of motherhood and pregnancy in women with physical disabilities.The PMEQ has proven to be a valid, reliable, and rapid administrative tool (10 min) useful for investigating and measuring the impact of physical disability on the management of pregnancy and motherhood.It is a new tool useful in both clinical and research practice to underline the importance of carrying out preventive and woman-centered assistance interventions.This tool is useful for promoting the autonomous management of pregnancy and motherhood in women with physical disabilities, and improving these women’s quality of life and sense of satisfaction and competence in managing maternal tasks. This study provides researchers and clinicians a new tool for the evaluation of motherhood and pregnancy in women with physical disabilities. The PMEQ has proven to be a valid, reliable, and rapid administrative tool (10 min) useful for investigating and measuring the impact of physical disability on the management of pregnancy and motherhood. It is a new tool useful in both clinical and research practice to underline the importance of carrying out preventive and woman-centered assistance interventions. This tool is useful for promoting the autonomous management of pregnancy and motherhood in women with physical disabilities, and improving these women’s quality of life and sense of satisfaction and competence in managing maternal tasks.本研究旨在开发一款问卷，以供研究者探究并量化躯体残疾对妊娠及母职管理的影响。此类问卷需具备优异的内部一致性。该工具的开发基于2013年在美国开展的一项研究，该研究采用了包含开放式问题的半结构化访谈范式。由三名专家组成的团队起草并优化了问卷条目，最终生成31道回顾性、自评式且带有预设选项的题目，采用5级李克特（Likert）量表进行作答。研究同时对该工具开展统计学分析，以评估其信度与内部一致性，最终形成《妊娠与母性评估问卷》（Pregnancy and Motherhood Evaluation Questionnaire, PMEQ）。 该问卷为自评式工具，包含初始模块与三个子量表。本研究阶段共招募35名因各类病症导致躯体残疾的女性，使其完成该问卷。结果显示，PMEQ具备良好的内部一致性，克朗巴哈α（Cronbach’s α）系数为0.812（p > 0.05）。 研究证实，PMEQ是一款有效、可靠且施测便捷的工具，可用于探究并量化躯体残疾对妊娠及母职管理的影响。 康复应用启示 本研究为研究者与临床医师提供了一款全新的躯体残疾女性妊娠与母职评估工具。PMEQ作为一款施测时长仅10分钟的有效、可靠且便捷的评估工具，可用于探究并量化躯体残疾对妊娠及母职管理的影响。该工具可应用于临床与科研实践，凸显开展预防性、以女性为中心的照护干预的重要性。本工具有助于促进躯体残疾女性自主管理妊娠与母职，提升此类女性的生活质量，以及其在履行母职任务时的满意度与胜任感。本研究为研究者与临床医师提供了一款全新的躯体残疾女性妊娠与母职评估工具。PMEQ作为一款施测时长仅10分钟的有效、可靠且便捷的评估工具，可用于探究并量化躯体残疾对妊娠及母职管理的影响。该工具可应用于临床与科研实践，凸显开展预防性、以女性为中心的照护干预的重要性。本工具有助于促进躯体残疾女性自主管理妊娠与母职，提升此类女性的生活质量，以及其在履行母职任务时的满意度与胜任感。