Full data set collected from all hospitals.xlsx

Abstract Background: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is increasingly recognised in equine medicine. Antimicrobialuse(AMU) is a key driver of AMR. Objectives:To pilot a point prevalence survey (PPS), based on the Global-PPS used in human hospitals, to obtain data on antibiotic prescribing and AMR in equine hospitals and to identify targets for improvement in AMU. Study Design: Point prevalence survey. Methods: Eight equine hospitals located in Australia, Belgium, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States were recruited. Data on AMU were collected from all in-patients on antibiotic treatment at 08h00 on four selected study days throughout the study year (2022). Results: In total, 742 patients, 310 (41.8%) surgical and 432 (58.2%) non surgical cases, were evaluated and 58.7% (182/310) surgical and 25.9%(112/432) non surgical patients were on antibiotics. The most prescribed antibiotics were penicillin, gentamicin and trimethoprim sulfonamides. In 45.2% (215/476) of prescriptions, use was prophylactic.Therapeutic use was based on a biomarker in 48.8%(127/260) of treatments. A sample was submitted for culture in 56.9% (148/260) of therapeutic treatments. A positive culture result was reported from 49.3%(73/148) of samples, with an antibiogram available for 90.4% (66/73) of the positive cultures. An antibiotic use stop/review date was not recorded in 59.5% (283/476) of uses. Main Limitations: This PPS was a pilot study with a relatively small sample size and likely does not reflect AMU in all types of equine hospitals in all geographic locations. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The PPS identified multiple ways in which antibiotic prescribing could be improved. Targets identified for stewardship interventions included empiric use of European Medicines Agency Category A and B antibiotics, the high prevalence of prophylaxis and the lack of use of a stop/review date. The survey could be used as a repeatable tool to assess stewardship interventions in equine hospitals.摘要背景： 抗菌素耐药性（Antimicrobial Resistance，AMR）在马医学领域的受重视程度与日俱增，而抗菌药物使用（Antimicrobial Use，AMU）是其核心驱动因素。 研究目的： 本研究以人类医院通用的全球时点现况调查（Global-PPS）为蓝本，开展试点时点现况调查，旨在获取马医院的抗菌药物处方与抗菌素耐药性相关数据，并明确抗菌药物使用管理的优化方向。 研究设计： 时点现况调查。 研究方法： 本研究共纳入澳大利亚、比利时、南非、英国及美国的8家马医院。研究于2022年全年选取4个调查日，于当日8:00收集所有接受抗菌药物治疗的住院患者的抗菌药物使用数据。 研究结果： 本研究共评估742例患者，其中外科病例310例（占比41.8%）、非外科病例432例（占比58.2%）；外科患者中58.7%（182/310）、非外科患者中25.9%（112/432）接受了抗菌药物治疗。临床最常开具的抗菌药物为青霉素、庆大霉素与甲氧苄啶磺胺类复方制剂。45.2%（215/476）的抗菌药物处方为预防性用药。48.8%（127/260）的治疗性抗菌药物使用基于生物标志物检测结果。56.9%（148/260）的治疗性抗菌药物治疗方案配套送检了微生物培养样本。送检样本中49.3%（73/148）的培养结果为阳性，其中90.4%（66/73）的阳性培养物附有药敏谱结果。59.5%（283/476）的抗菌药物使用未记录停药/复核日期。 主要局限性： 本次时点现况调查为试点研究，样本量相对有限，或无法反映全球所有地理区域、各类马医院的抗菌药物使用情况。 结论与临床意义： 本次调查明确了抗菌药物处方可优化的多个方向。本次研究确定的抗菌药物管理干预目标包括：欧洲药品管理局（European Medicines Agency，EMA）A类、B类抗菌药物的经验性使用、预防性用药占比过高以及未记录停药/复核日期的问题。该调查可作为可重复使用的工具，用于评估马医院的抗菌药物管理干预效果。