Views on the adoption of and advice on healthy lifestyles by health professionals

This article aims to compare the primary care professionals' views on advice on healthy lifestyles before and after an educational intervention. It is a qualitative study conducted with 22 professionals at a health center in Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A structured interview was applied before and after the educational intervention, and the data were subjected to content analysis. The results show the difficulty professionals have to adopt and provide counseling on healthy lifestyles, with little change in their views after the educational intervention. The difficulties were related to financial and cultural issues, matters related to life and work, and to conservative views. The curative practice with individual accountability and the focus on eating habits and physical activity predominated. It was noted that, after the educational intervention, more professionals was sensitized with the collective educational and recreational activities and with the need for multidisciplinary work. As such, continuity in the professionals' continuing education is seen as necessary to allow for reflection on possible views on health in the contemporary context, encouraging the production of care and autonomy.

本研究旨在对比基层医疗从业者（primary care professionals）在接受教育干预前后，对健康生活方式指导相关看法的差异。本研究为质性研究（qualitative study），招募巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州贝洛奥里藏特某卫生中心的22名从业者参与。研究分别在教育干预前后开展结构化访谈（structured interview），并对采集的数据进行内容分析（content analysis）。结果显示，从业者在践行并提供健康生活方式指导的过程中存在诸多困境，且教育干预后其相关看法并未出现明显改变。这些困境涉及财务与文化层面、个人生活与工作相关事务，以及保守观念的桎梏。研究中占主导的是以个体诊疗权责为核心的诊疗实践，以及聚焦饮食习惯与身体活动的健康指导。研究观察到，教育干预后，更多从业者开始重视集体性教育与休闲活动，并认识到多学科协作的必要性。据此，研究者认为需持续推进从业者的继续教育项目，使其能够结合当代语境反思健康相关的认知观念，进而推动照护服务的优化与患者自主性的培育。