Results of the heterogeneity test.

The digital economy, as a new economic form with high information density, provides a new driving force for the realization of high-quality agricultural development. Panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 were selected for analysis. The static panel data interaction effect model and panel threshold model were used to verify the nonlinear influence mechanism and heterogeneity of financial development in the process of the digital economy affecting high-quality agricultural development. The findings are as follows. (1) During the study period, the high-quality development of China’s agriculture showed a steady upward trend; however, the regional differences were significant, and the eastern part was larger than the central and western part. (2) The digital economy can promote high-quality agricultural development. (3) The digital economy has a double threshold effect in the process of affecting high-quality agricultural development, which depends on the level of financial development. When the threshold is exceeded, the digital economy has a more significant promoting effect on high-quality agricultural development. (4) The impact of the digital economy on high-quality agricultural development is heterogeneous. From the perspective of different regions, the impact effect is greatest in the eastern region, while the effect is smaller in the central and western regions. From different resource endowments, the positive impact effect is greatest in the major grain-selling areas, followed by the major grain producing areas, but the positive digital economy driving effect is not significant in the balance of production and sales areas. Finally, three policy suggestions are proposed. First, the Chinese government should increase investments in and support for digital technology to promote the integration of the digital economy and agriculture. Second, the Chinese government should promote the development of digital inclusive finance in areas with financial development below the threshold. Third, different regions should implement differentiated digital economies to promote high-quality agricultural development.

数字经济作为信息密度极高的新型经济形态，为实现农业高质量发展提供了全新动力。本研究选取2011-2020年中国31个省份的面板数据（panel data）开展分析，采用静态面板交互效应模型（static panel data interaction effect model）与面板门槛模型（panel threshold model），验证数字经济赋能农业高质量发展过程中金融发展的非线性影响机制与异质性特征。研究结果如下：
(1) 研究期内，中国农业高质量发展水平整体呈稳步上升态势，但区域差异显著，东部地区高于中西部地区。
(2) 数字经济能够显著促进农业高质量发展。
(3) 数字经济对农业高质量发展的赋能过程存在双重门槛效应，且该效应依赖于金融发展水平：当金融发展水平跨过门槛值后，数字经济对农业高质量发展的促进作用会更为显著。
(4) 数字经济对农业高质量发展的影响存在显著异质性：从区域维度来看，东部地区的赋能效果最为显著，中西部地区效果相对较弱；从资源禀赋维度来看，粮食主销区的正向影响效应最强，粮食主产区次之，而产销平衡区的数字经济正向驱动效应并不显著。
最后，本研究提出三项政策建议：其一，中国政府应加大数字技术投入与支持力度，推动数字经济与农业深度融合；其二，针对金融发展水平未达门槛的地区，应加快推进数字普惠金融（digital inclusive finance）发展；其三，各地区应实施差异化数字经济发展策略，以助力农业高质量发展。