NHLBI TOPMed: Diabetes Heart Study (DHS) African American Coronary Artery Calcification (AA CAC)

The Diabetes Heart Study (DHS) is a family-based study enriched for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The cohort included 1443 European American and African American participants from 564 families with multiple cases of type 2 diabetes (Bowden et al., 2010. Review of Diabetic Studies 7:188-201. PMID: 21409311). The cohort was recruited between 1998 and 2006. Participants were extensively phenotyped for measures of subclinical CVD and other known CVD risk factors. Primary outcomes were quantified burden of vascular calcified plaque in the coronary artery, carotid artery, and abdominal aorta all determined from non-contrast computed tomography scans.]]>
TOPMed Whole Genome Sequencing Methods: Freeze 9TOPMed Whole Genome Sequencing Methods: Freeze 10Recruitment into DHS: Inclusion: Singletons with T2D and siblings concordant for T2D with T2D developing after the age of 35 years and treated with insulin and/or oral agents and confirmed by measurement of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin at recruitment. Exclusion: Historical evidence of ketoacidosis. DHS participants with CAC were selected for WGS in TOPMed, prioritizing inclusion of families.]]>
1998-2006: Recruitment and Participant Visits]]>

糖尿病心脏研究（Diabetes Heart Study, DHS）是一项基于家系的富集2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes, T2D）的队列研究。本队列纳入了来自564个存在多发2型糖尿病病例家系的1443名欧裔美国人和非裔美国人参与者（Bowden等，2010，《糖尿病研究综述》7卷：188-201，PMID：21409311）。招募工作于1998年至2006年间开展。
研究人员对所有参与者完成了全方位的表型分型，以检测亚临床心血管疾病（subclinical CVD）及其他已知心血管疾病风险因素的相关指标。本研究的主要结局为冠状动脉、颈动脉及腹主动脉的血管钙化斑块量化负荷，上述指标均通过非增强计算机断层扫描（computed tomography, CT）测定。

TOPMed全基因组测序方法：第9版、第10版。
DHS招募标准：
纳入标准：确诊2型糖尿病的单一个体，以及发病年龄超过35岁、经胰岛素和/或口服降糖药物治疗，且入组时通过血糖与糖化血红蛋白检测确认患病的2型糖尿病同患同胞。
排除标准：存在酮症酸中毒病史。
本研究选取携带冠状动脉钙化（coronary artery calcification, CAC）数据的DHS参与者参与TOPMed全基因组测序（whole genome sequencing, WGS），并优先纳入家系样本。

1998年-2006年：招募与参与者访视。