Rapid Assessment of Adenovirus Serum Neutralizing Antibody Titer Based on Quantitative, Morphometric Evaluation of Capsid Binding and Intracellular Trafficking: Population Analysis of Adenovirus Capsid Association with Cells Is Predictive of Adenovirus Infectivity

Neutralizing antiviral antibodies are typically detected on the basis of inhibition of viral function, such as propagation of a viral infection or inhibition of viral gene expression. Evidence is presented that anti-adenovirus neutralizing antibodies can be evaluated by analysis of cell-associated capsids or by analysis of intracellular trafficking of the capsids within 1 h after infection. Quantitative analyses of these morphologic parameters represent rapid, broadly applicable, functional assays for the detection of anti-adenovirus neutralizing antibodies.