Replication Data for: Presidentas Rise: Consequences for Women in Cabinets?

Since 1999, women have democratically won the presidency eight times in Latin America and have named hundreds of ministers. This study argues that under certain conditions, presidentas are more likely than male presidents to improve women’s cabinet representation. Two mechanisms, presidenta mandates and gendered networks, appear to drive the relationship. Furthermore, because the pool of ministerial candidates is shallower for women than for men, presidentas are most likely to advance women’s representation in cabinets at the beginning of their term and for “feminine” ministries. A case study of Michelle Bachelet’s 2006 ministerial appointments reveals initial evidence for the argument. Empirical implications are then tested with an original dataset of 1,908 ministers of all democratically elected Latin American presidents since 1999. Model results are consistent with the theory that presidentas are most likely to “make a difference” when they are least constrained by the supply of female ministerial candidates

自1999年以来，拉丁美洲已有8位女性通过民主选举当选总统，且任命了数百名内阁部长。本研究提出，在特定条件下，女性总统（presidentas）相较男性总统更有可能提升女性在内阁中的任职占比。两大机制——女性总统的选举授权与性别关联网络——似乎是这一关联的驱动因素。此外，由于女性内阁部长候选人的储备规模相较于男性更小，女性总统更倾向于在任期初期以及针对"女性化"内阁部门，提升女性在内阁中的任职占比。本研究以米歇尔·巴切莱特（Michelle Bachelet）2006年的内阁部长任命为案例进行分析，为上述论点提供了初步实证依据。随后，本研究依托1999年以来拉丁美洲所有民主选举产生的总统所任命的1908名内阁部长的原创数据集，对理论的实证推论进行了检验。模型结果与该理论一致：当女性总统受女性部长候选人供给的约束最小时，她们最有可能发挥积极作用。