Physical training reverses changes in hepatic mitochondrial diameter of Alloxan-induced diabetic rats

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of physical training on metabolic and morphological parameters of diabetic rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: sedentary control, trained control, sedentary diabetic and trained diabetic. Diabetes mellitus was induced by Alloxan (35mg/kg) administration for sedentary diabetic and Trained Diabetic Groups. The exercise protocol consisted of swimming with a load of 2.5% of body weight for 60 minutes per day (5 days per week) for the trained control and Trained Diabetic Groups, during 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed and blood was collected for determinations of serum glucose, insulin, albumin and total protein. Liver samples were extracted for measurements of glycogen, protein, DNA and mitochondrial diameter determination. Results The sedentary diabetic animals presented decreased body weight, blood insulin, and hepatic glycogen, as well as increased glycemia and mitochondrial diameter. The physical training protocol in diabetic animals was efficient to recovery body weight and liver glycogen, and to decrease the hepatic mitochondrial diameter. Conclusion Physical training ameliorated hepatic metabolism and promoted important morphologic adaptations as mitochondrial diameter in liver of the diabetic rats.

摘要
研究目的：探究运动训练对糖尿病大鼠代谢与形态学参数的影响。
研究方法：将Wistar大鼠随机分为四组：久坐对照组、训练对照组、久坐糖尿病组及训练糖尿病组。针对久坐糖尿病组与训练糖尿病组，以35mg/kg剂量给予四氧嘧啶(Alloxan)以诱导糖尿病模型。训练对照组与训练糖尿病组的运动方案为：每日以背负相当于自身体重2.5%的负重游泳60分钟，每周训练5天，持续6周。实验结束后，处死大鼠并采集血液样本，用于检测血清葡萄糖、胰岛素、白蛋白及总蛋白水平；采集肝脏样本，用于测定糖原、蛋白质、DNA含量，并检测肝线粒体直径。
研究结果：久坐糖尿病模型大鼠呈现体重、血清胰岛素及肝糖原水平降低，同时血清葡萄糖水平与肝线粒体直径升高的状态。对糖尿病大鼠实施运动训练，可有效恢复其体重与肝糖原水平，并降低肝线粒体直径。
研究结论：运动训练可改善糖尿病大鼠的肝脏代谢，并促成肝脏线粒体直径等关键形态学适应性变化。