Training systems, rootstocks and climatic conditions influence quality and antioxidant activity of ‘BRS Cora’ grape

ABSTRACT. Environmental and production factors might affect grapevine physiology. Estimating these effects is essential for planning the harvest and predicting the quality of grapes. The aim of this study was to characterize the quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS Cora’ grapes with different training systems and rootstocks in production cycles of the second half of the year under tropical conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks with sub-subdivided plots over time. Three training systems and two rootstocks were studied in production cycles referring to the second halves of 2017 and 2018. In 2017, the grapes of plants trained with lyre and vertical shoot positioning (VSP) had the highest soluble solids and sugars contents, and in 2018, this response occurred with the overhead trellis system. There was lower variation in titratable acidity between cycles of grapevines trained with VSP and lyre, as well as in those grafted onto ‘IAC 572’. In 2018, lyre with ‘IAC 572’ promoted higher pigment accumulation. Climatic conditions in 2017 provided a higher accumulation of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in grapes of plants trained with lyre with ‘IAC 766’. The efficiency of the training system within each cycle, associated with the effect of the rootstock, resulted in differentiated responses according to climatic conditions.

摘要。环境与生产因素可对葡萄藤的生理状态产生影响。精准评估此类影响，对于规划葡萄采收作业与预判果实品质至关重要。本研究旨在表征热带种植环境下，2017年与2018年下半年生产周期中，采用不同栽培架式（training system）与砧木（rootstock）培育的‘BRS Cora’葡萄的品质与抗氧化潜力。本实验采用裂区-再裂区随机区组设计，共设置3种栽培架式与2种砧木，实验周期覆盖2017年与2018年的下半年生产季。2017年，采用弓形架（lyre）与垂直新梢定位架（Vertical Shoot Positioning, VSP）栽培的葡萄，其可溶性固形物与总糖含量最高；2018年，该品质响应则出现在采用棚架栽培的葡萄中。采用VSP与弓形架栽培的葡萄藤，以及嫁接于‘IAC 572’砧木的葡萄藤，其不同生产季间的可滴定酸度变异程度更低。2018年，采用弓形架搭配‘IAC 572’砧木的处理，可显著促进葡萄色素积累。2017年的气候条件下，采用弓形架搭配‘IAC 766’砧木栽培的葡萄，其多酚类物质积累量与抗氧化活性更高。各生产季中栽培架式的效能结合砧木效应，会因气候条件的差异而产生差异化的品质响应。