Data_Sheet_13_Trans-Anethole Alleviates Subclinical Necro-Haemorrhagic Enteritis-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Intestinal Inflammation in Broilers.ZIP

This study investigated the alleviative potential of trans-anethole (TA) on the impaired intestinal barrier and intestinal inflammation and its regulatory effects on gut microbiota in broilers with subclinical necro-hemorrhagic enteritis (NE) challenge. Subclinical NE challenge led to a severe decline in the 21-day body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), but an increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR) and intestinal lesion score of birds compared with controls (P < 0.05). Compared with the subclinical NE group, the TA administration group exhibited lower (P < 0.05) intestinal lesion score and crypt depth (CD), serum diamine oxidase activity, and D-lactate concentration, but higher (P < 0.05) intestinal tight junction protein expressions, villus height (VH), VH/CD, and numbers of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells. The administration of TA also inhibited (P < 0.05) the expression of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) but increased (P < 0.05) jejunal IL-10 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration. TA inclusion also led to a remarkable reduction of intestinal NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IκBα) degradation and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) translocation. Moreover, TA modulated the cecal microbiota abundance and diversity of NE birds, as confirmed by reducing the phylum Firmicutes and genera Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group when supplemented at 600 mg/kg and reducing genera Butyricicoccus, Oscillibacter, and Flavonifractor when supplemented at 400 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Supplementation of TA in broiler diets could alleviate subclinical NE infection by restoring intestinal barrier integrity, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, and modulating gut microbiota. A 600-mg/kg dose of TA is the optimum concentration for ameliorating subclinical NE in broilers.

本研究探究了反式茴香脑（trans-anethole, TA）对亚临床坏死性出血性肠炎（subclinical necro-hemorrhagic enteritis, NE）攻毒肉仔鸡受损肠屏障与肠道炎症的缓解潜力，及其对肠道菌群的调控作用。与对照组相比，亚临床NE攻毒会导致21日龄肉仔鸡的体重（BW）与平均日增重（ADG）显著下降，同时料重比（FCR）与肠道病变评分显著升高（P < 0.05）。与亚临床NE组相比，TA给药组的肠道病变评分、隐窝深度（CD）、血清二胺氧化酶活性与D-乳酸浓度均显著降低（P < 0.05），而肠紧密连接蛋白表达、绒毛高度（VH）、VH/CD比值以及增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）阳性细胞数量均显著升高（P < 0.05）。TA给药还显著抑制了肠道促炎细胞因子包括白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）与肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达，同时显著提升了空肠白细胞介素-10（IL-10）与分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）的浓度（P < 0.05）。TA补充还显著减少了肠道核因子κB抑制蛋白α（IκBα）的降解与核因子κB（NF-κB）的核转位（P < 0.05）。此外，TA可调控NE攻毒肉仔鸡的盲肠菌群丰度与多样性：当TA添加量为600 mg/kg时，可显著降低厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）以及瘤胃球菌科_UCG-014属、产粪甾醇真杆菌群、瘤胃球菌科_NK4A214_group的相对丰度；当添加量为400 mg/kg时，可显著降低丁酸球菌属（Butyricicoccus）、Oscillibacter属与Flavonifractor属的相对丰度（P < 0.05）。在肉仔鸡日粮中添加TA可通过恢复肠屏障完整性、抑制NF-κB信号通路以及调控肠道菌群，缓解亚临床NE感染，其中600 mg/kg的TA添加量为改善肉仔鸡亚临床NE的最优浓度。