Data Biodiversity and Forage Production

This study was conducted at the Center of Agroveterinary Sciences, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Lages, Brazil (27º47′ S, 50º18′ W). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications and 315 m ² experimental units, which were considered replicates. The treatments were three nitrogen fertilization rates applied annually over three years: 100, 200, and 300 kg N ha⁻¹. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in three split applications annually: the summer application (50, 150, and 250 kg N ha⁻¹ for the respective treatments) was applied in November and January, while the winter application (50 kg N ha⁻¹ across all treatments) was applied in July. Grazing was initiated when pastures reached 23 cm in summer (during C₄ species predominance) and 20 cm during the cool season (during <i>L. multiflorum</i> predominance), regardless of nitrogen fertilization rate. These management targets were selected to maintain a low level of light competition.本研究于巴西圣卡塔琳娜州立大学（UDESC）农业兽医科学中心开展，实验地点位于巴西拉热斯市，地理坐标为南纬27°47′、西经50°18′。本试验采用随机完全区组设计，设置3次重复，每个实验单元面积为315平方米，且各实验单元均作为统计重复单位。试验设置3个年度施氮水平，连续3年每年施用，分别为100、200和300 kg N·ha⁻¹；氮肥每年分3次分期施加：夏季追肥分别对应各处理的50、150和250 kg N·ha⁻¹，于11月和1月进行；冬季追肥各处理统一施用50 kg N·ha⁻¹，于7月进行。无论施氮水平高低，当牧草草层高度在夏季（以C₄植物（C₄ species）占优势时）达到23 cm、凉季（以多花黑麦草（*L. multiflorum*）占优势时）达到20 cm时，即启动放牧。选取上述管理目标，旨在维持较低的光照竞争水平。