Associations between nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, disgust sensitivity, and first-trimester maternal serum free-β hCG and PAPP-A

We prospectively collected two independent samples (S1 and S2) of women in the first trimester of pregnancy, who completed the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching and Disgust Scale-Revised (in S2 also Three domains disgust scale). We also measured free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in maternal serum. In both samples, we included women who conceived naturally (no assisted reproduction or hormonal treatment) after a singleton pregnancy. S1 consisted of 202 women recruited between November 2017 and November 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic. S2 consisted of 397 women recruited between March 2020 and January 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

本研究前瞻性收集了两个独立样本（S1与S2），纳入对象均为处于妊娠早期的女性。所有受试者均完成了恶心、呕吐、干呕与厌恶量表修订版（Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching and Disgust Scale-Revised）测评；其中S2样本的受试者额外完成了三域厌恶量表（Three domains disgust scale）测评。本研究同时检测了所有受试者的母体血清游离β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素（free β-human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG）与妊娠相关血浆蛋白A（pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, PAPP-A）水平。两个样本的纳入标准保持一致：均为经自然受孕（无辅助生殖或激素治疗史）且为单胎妊娠的女性。其中S1样本共纳入202名女性，招募时段为2017年11月至2019年11月，即新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行之前；S2样本共纳入397名女性，招募时段为2020年3月至2021年1月，即COVID-19大流行期间。