Program of neuropsychological stimulation of cognition in students: Emphasis on executive functions - development and evidence of content validity

ABSTRACT Objective: The goal of this study was to describe the construction process and content validity evidence of an early and preventive intervention program for stimulating executive functions (EF) in Elementary School children within the school environment. Methods: The process has followed the recommended steps for creating neuropsychological instruments: internal phase of program organization, with literature search and analyses of available materials in the classroom; program construction; analysis by expert judges; data integration and program finalization. To determine the level of agreement among the judges, a Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated. Results: Content validity was evidenced by the agreement among the experts with regards to the program, both in general and for each activity. All steps taken were deemed necessary because they contributed to the identification of positive aspects and possible flaws in the process Conclusion: The steps also helped to adapt stimuli and improve program tasks and activities. Methodological procedures implemented in this study can be adopted by other researchers to create or adapt neuropsychological stimulation and rehabilitation programs. Furthermore, the methodological approach allows the reader to understand, in detail, the technical and scientific rigor adopted in devising this program.摘要 研究目的：本研究旨在阐明一款面向小学学龄儿童、于校园环境中实施的执行功能（executive functions, EF）早期预防干预方案的构建流程与内容效度证据。 研究方法：本研究遵循神经心理学测评工具编制的推荐步骤开展：第一阶段为方案组织内部筹备工作，涵盖文献检索与课堂现有材料分析；随后依次完成方案搭建、专家评审、数据整合与方案最终定稿。为评估专家评审的一致性水平，本研究计算了内容效度指数（Content Validity Index, CVI）。 研究结果：专家针对该方案整体及各项具体活动的评审均达成一致，证实了方案具备良好的内容效度。所有设置的流程步骤均被认定为必要环节，因其有助于识别研究过程中的正向特征与潜在缺陷。 研究结论：上述流程步骤还有助于优化刺激材料、完善方案中的各项任务与活动。本研究采用的方法学流程可供其他研究者借鉴，用于开发或适配神经心理学刺激与康复方案。此外，该方法学框架可帮助读者详细了解本方案设计过程中所采用的技术规范与科学严谨性。