Diversity of parameters in the muscle strength evaluation of Brazilian school children and adolescents: a systematic review

Abstract Muscle strength (MS) is considered important indicative of global health regardless of age or clinical condition. The aim of this study was to summarize evidence from research carried out in Brazil that investigated MS in school children and adolescents, showing the objectives, tests, protocols and quantitative of youngsters who met the health criteria for MS. Systematic review conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Sportdiscus, LILACS and Scielo databases, with complementary searches in reference lists. In all articles, the risk of bias was analyzed. Of the 15,609 articles initially identified, 27 were included, comprising data from 29,604 children and adolescents. The 27 studies included presented moderate (37%) and low risk of bias (63%). Three out of four studies investigating MS in children and adolescents were carried out in southern and southeastern Brazil (77.7%). It was found that 65.9% of boys and 58.2% of girls had adequate levels of MS for health, with results varying from 14.8% to 66.0% in girls and from 20.4% to 76.9% in boys. Several MS measurement protocols were identified; however, horizontal jump was the most used test to evaluate MS (59.2%). MS is a physical valence searched in children and adolescents and a variety of protocols are used. In addition, it is necessary to propose MS cutoff points based on health criteria for the accurate estimation of this physical valence in children and adolescents in Brazil.

摘要 肌肉力量（Muscle Strength，MS）被视为反映整体健康状况的重要指标，不受年龄或临床状态影响。本研究旨在梳理巴西针对学龄儿童与青少年开展的肌肉力量相关研究证据，阐明相关研究的目标、测试方法、实验方案，以及符合肌肉力量健康标准的青少年人数。本研究为系统综述，检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Sportdiscus、LILACS及Scielo数据库，并对参考文献列表进行补充检索。所有纳入的研究均对偏倚风险进行了评估。初始检索到的15609篇文献中，最终纳入27篇，涵盖29604名儿童与青少年的相关数据。纳入的27项研究中，偏倚风险为中等的占37%，低偏倚风险的占63%。针对儿童与青少年肌肉力量开展的研究中，四分之三的研究（77.7%）均在巴西南部及东南部地区开展。研究结果显示，65.9%的男孩与58.2%的女孩肌肉力量水平符合健康标准；女孩的达标率区间为14.8%至66.0%，男孩则为20.4%至76.9%。本次梳理共发现多种肌肉力量测量方案，但立定跳远（horizontal jump）是最常用的肌肉力量评估测试（占比59.2%）。肌肉力量是儿童与青少年群体中备受关注的身体素质指标，目前已有多种测量方案被应用。此外，为精准评估巴西儿童与青少年的肌肉力量水平，亟需建立基于健康标准的肌肉力量判定临界值（cutoff points）。