Table 1_The impact of perceived caregiver anxiety and stress during childhood on late-life depression: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.docx

IntroductionThis study investigates the long-term impact of perceived caregiver anxiety and stress during childhood on late-life depression. Adverse childhood experiences related to caregiver mental health may significantly influence emotional well-being, and this study utilizes data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to explore these associations.
MethodsCHARLS data were analyzed for individuals who reported perceived caregiver anxiety and stress. Depression was measured using the CES-10 depression scale. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the relationship between caregiver anxiety and stress frequency and late-life depression, adjusting for confounders like socioeconomic status, health behaviors, and demographics.
ResultsChildhood exposure to caregiver anxiety and stress significantly increased the risk of depression in later life (p < 0.05), with stronger effects observed among individuals with female caregivers. The risk escalated with the frequency of caregiver anxiety episodes. After adjusting for covariates, the association for male caregivers weakened, highlighting the potential role of other mediators.
DiscussionThe results highlight the critical importance of parental mental health, especially maternal anxiety, in mitigating intergenerational mental health risks. Targeted interventions for caregiver mental health, particularly for female caregivers, are crucial. Longitudinal studies are needed to better establish causality and further investigate these mechanisms.

引言
本研究旨在探讨童年时期个体感知到的照料者焦虑与压力对其晚年抑郁的长期影响。与照料者心理健康相关的不良童年经历，可能会对个体的情绪健康产生显著影响。本研究依托中国健康与养老追踪调查（China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS）的数据，对上述关联展开探究。
方法
本研究针对自述曾感知到照料者焦虑与压力的个体，对中国健康与养老追踪调查数据进行分析。采用10条目流调中心抑郁量表（CES-10）评估抑郁症状。通过多变量逻辑回归模型，检验照料者焦虑与压力的发生频率与晚年抑郁之间的关联，并校正社会经济地位、健康行为与人口学特征等混杂因素。
结果
童年时期暴露于照料者焦虑与压力环境，会显著提升个体晚年罹患抑郁的风险（p < 0.05），且当照料者为女性时，该效应更为显著。抑郁风险随照料者焦虑发作频率的升高而上升。在校正混杂变量后，照料者为男性时的关联强度有所减弱，这提示其他中介因素可能发挥了潜在作用。
讨论
本研究结果凸显了照料者心理健康——尤其是母亲的焦虑情绪——在降低代际心理健康风险方面的关键重要性。针对照料者心理健康的靶向干预措施，尤其是针对女性照料者的干预，至关重要。未来需开展纵向研究，以更好地确立因果关联并进一步探究其中的作用机制。