Expression of betacyanin biosynthetic genes in response to <i>discontinuous</i> insect herbivory.

Relative expression levels3 were determined in stems of A. hypochondriacus plants, with contrasting pigmentation patterns, subjected to insect herbivory. Induced or repressed levels of expression (i.e. relative expression ≥1.5 or ≤0.5) are shown in bold text and italics, respectively. 1h = time, in hours, spent on the plant by the feeding larvae before they were removed and the tissues sampled. 2The genotypes examined in this study were Ah cv. Nutrisol (AhNut; with predominantly betacyanic leaves), Ah India Red (AhIR; with predominantly betacyanic stems) and Ah India Green (AhIG; with all tissues acyanic). 3The fold change in the expression of the target genes was calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt method according to [76].相对表达水平³ 于经受昆虫植食为害、具有差异化色素沉着模式的皱果苋（Amaranthus hypochondriacus）植株的茎部中得以测定。其中，上调表达（相对表达量≥1.5）与下调表达（相对表达量≤0.5）分别以粗体与斜体字体标注。 1h 指取食幼虫在植株上的取食时长（单位：小时），待取食结束后移除幼虫并采集组织样本。 2 本研究检测的基因型包括Ah品种Nutrisol（AhNut，叶片主要含甜菜红素）、Ah印度红（AhIR，茎部主要含甜菜红素）以及Ah印度绿（AhIG，所有组织均无色素）。 3 靶基因的表达倍数变化依据参考文献[76]中的方法，采用2^(-ΔΔCt)法进行计算。