Cutaneous ureterostomies in pigs: technical feasibility assessment

ABSTRACT Increased life expectancy of pets favors the occurrence of cancer, such as the urinary bladder ones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of cutaneous ureterostomy technique in pigs after the total cystectomy compared to the technique of colonic ureterostomy, as well as detect and characterize possible intraoperative complications. For that, 20 pigs were used, divided into two groups. All patients underwent radical cystectomy and then the cutaneous or colonic ureterostomies. The technical feasibility was assessed during the procedures. The procedures compared were: the incision size, dieresis time, realization of urinary diversion and the synthesis time. Also, the estimated blood loss and the degree of difficulty in performing the preparation procedures of the ureters, ureteroanastomose site preparation and ureteroanastomose itself were compared. The results indicate that performing cutaneous ureterostomy was better than the colonic ureterostomy in relation to blood loss, incision size, and anastomosis performance. In contrast, ureterocolonostomy showed better results on the implementation of ureteral preparation. Thus, it was concluded that both techniques can be indicated as viable urinary diversions and the choice will depend on factors intrinsic to the surgeon and the patient.

摘要：宠物预期寿命的延长使得膀胱癌等宠物癌症的发病风险升高。本研究旨在对比猪接受全膀胱切除术（total cystectomy）后，皮肤输尿管造口术（cutaneous ureterostomy）与结肠输尿管造口术（colonic ureterostomy）的可行性，并检测并明确术中可能出现的并发症（intraoperative complications）的特征。本研究选用20头实验猪，将其分为两组。所有实验猪均接受全膀胱切除术，随后实施皮肤输尿管造口术或结肠输尿管造口术。术中对手术技术可行性进行评估，对比指标包括切口尺寸、分离时间、尿流改道（urinary diversion）的实施情况及吻合操作时长。此外，还对比了估计失血量（estimated blood loss），以及输尿管准备、输尿管吻合位点准备及输尿管吻合术（ureteroanastomose）本身的操作难度等级。结果显示，在失血量、切口尺寸及吻合操作效果方面，皮肤输尿管造口术均优于结肠输尿管造口术。而输尿管结肠造口术（ureterocolonostomy）在输尿管准备操作方面则表现更优。综上，本研究认为两种术式均为可行的尿流改道方案，具体选择需取决于术者与患畜自身的相关因素。