AstroSmartphoneDataset: a collection of astronomical images captured with smartphones

AstroSmartphoneDataset, is a collection of astronomical images captured with smartphones with Google Camera (GCam), a Google mobile application allowing to take long-exposure astronomical images with a large field of view. GCam’s astrophotography mode captures and produces long-exposure frames to reduce noise, enhance details, improve dynamic range, while preserving non-astronomical elements like buildings and landscapes, ensuring a natural look. Data have been collected between 2021 and 2025 from different locations and with 4 smartphones having different sensors and capabilities: Google Pixel 4a, Google Pixel 6, Google Pixel 8Pro, Google Pixel 8a. Data acquisition took place over a long period and required the use of often ingenious techniques to orientate and stabilise the phones during capture. Images were taken under different weather conditions (clear sky, foggy sky, almost overcast sky), in order to obtain an heterogeneous set. AstroSmartphoneDataset contains 4635 medium-res and 197 high-res RGB images in JPEG format (minimal compression), and each RGB image has a minimal resolution of 1440× 1920 pixels: they were obtained after registration, stacking and post processing of one-second shots, giving final images corresponding to a cumulative exposure time of 4 minutes. For more details about the dataset, please contact the author: [e-mail] . For more information about Luxembourg of Science and Technology (LIST), please consult: https://www.list.lu .AstroSmartphoneDataset 是一套搭载谷歌相机（Google Camera，简称GCam）的智能手机拍摄的天文图像合集。谷歌相机是一款谷歌官方移动应用，支持以大视场参数拍摄长曝光天文图像。GCam的天文摄影模式可拍摄并生成长曝光帧，以此降低图像噪声、增强细节表现、提升动态范围，同时保留建筑、地貌等非天文元素，确保画面呈现自然视觉效果。 该数据集的采集周期为2021年至2025年，采集地点覆盖多个区域，且使用了4款搭载不同传感器与性能的智能手机：谷歌Pixel 4a、谷歌Pixel 6、谷歌Pixel 8 Pro、谷歌Pixel 8a。数据采集过程耗时较长，拍摄阶段需采用多种精巧的定位与手机稳定技术。为构建多样化的数据集，图像采集覆盖了多种天气条件（晴朗天空、多雾天空、接近阴天的天空）。 AstroSmartphoneDataset 包含4635张中分辨率与197张高分辨率JPEG格式RGB图像（采用最低压缩率），所有RGB图像的最小分辨率为1440×1920像素。此类图像均通过对单秒曝光样张进行配准、叠加与后期处理得到，最终图像的累计曝光时长为4分钟。 如需了解该数据集的更多细节，请联系作者：[e-mail]。 如需了解卢森堡科学与技术研究所（LIST）的更多信息，请访问：https://www.list.lu。