Nutritional status and life quality in patients undergoing bariatric surgery

BACKGROUND: The obesity has achieved an alarming increase in recent years, which led this disease to global epidemic condition. AIM: To evaluate the nutritional status as well as the quality of life of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS: A transversal study was conducted with obese adults of both genders who underwent bariatric surgery by Fobi-Capella technique for at least 30 days. It was evaluated: age, gender, marital status, occupation, weight before surgery, current weight, height, preoperative and current BMI, weight loss and loss of excess weight percentages, presence of clinical manifestations and food intolerances. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 70 patients, being 81.4% female, 37.1% aged 30 to 39 years, 58.6% were married, 41.4% have undergone the bariatric surgery in the last 12 months. It was observed a reduction in BMI from 37.2 kg/m2 (one to three months) to 28.9 kg/m2 (>12 months) and consequent increase in weight loss and loss of excess weight percentages. The most frequent clinical manifestation was alopecia (62.9%). The most reported food intolerance was on the red meat (24%). According to the Baros questionnaire, 50% of patients were classified as having good quality of life. CONCLUSION: The operation of Fobi-Capella proved to be effective in promoting gradual and lasting weight loss. Quality of life was considered good in most patients, indicating that the operation had a positive impact on their lives.

背景：近年来，肥胖症的发病率呈令人警醒的上升态势，已演变为全球性流行疾病。
目的：评估接受减重代谢手术（bariatric surgery）的肥胖患者的营养状况与生活质量。
方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入接受Fobi-Capella术式（Fobi-Capella technique）减重代谢手术且术后至少30天的各性别肥胖成年患者。本次评估涵盖以下指标：年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职业、术前体重、当前体重、身高、术前及当前体质量指数（Body Mass Index，简称BMI）、体重下降量与多余体重丢失百分比、临床表现及食物不耐受情况。
结果：本研究最终纳入70例患者，其中女性占比81.4%，37.1%的患者年龄处于30~39岁区间，58.6%的患者已婚，41.4%的患者在近12个月内接受了减重代谢手术。研究观察到，患者体质量指数从术后1~3个月时的37.2 kg/m²下降至术后12个月以上时的28.9 kg/m²，体重下降量与多余体重丢失率亦同步升高。最常见的临床表现为脱发（alopecia），占比达62.9%；最常被报告的食物不耐受为红肉不耐受，占比24%。采用Baros生活质量问卷（Baros questionnaire）进行评估后显示，50%的患者被评定为生活质量良好。
结论：Fobi-Capella术式可有效实现渐进且持久的体重下降。多数患者的生活质量评定为良好，表明该手术对患者的生活产生了积极影响。