Mikrocensus 1986, 2. quarter: Birth-Biography

This survey in not only on the current situation regarding children, marriage, family and employment but also and especially on the interviewees life up to now. The survey consists of 4 parts: - birth-biography: number and birth dates of all children born alive - occupational history: employment between the births and after the birth of the last child - marriage-biography: marriage date, divorce and re-marriage - desire to have children: for women under the age of 40: desire to have more children those already born The actuality of this subject is more pressing then ever: the declining birthrate has reached a historical minimum in the number of children per woman, the divorce rate is constantly increasing and the number of employed women has reached the highest level up to now. The question on the desire to have children is of special importance. To gather information on future birth rates, women under the age of 40 are asked if, and if yes, how many children they desire to have. These questions serve statistical purposes, as does the whole special survey, and are important for population forecasts and the connected calculation of requirements. The need for kindergartens, class rooms, apartments and workplaces has to be evaluated anew constantly as well as the financial burden for the contributors to the public pension scheme. There have been similar or identical questions on all 4 aforementioned topics in the years 1976 (Mikrozensus MZ7602) and/or 1981 (Mikrozensus MZ8102).

本调查不仅涵盖儿童、婚姻、家庭与就业领域的现状，更着重梳理受访者迄今的完整人生历程。

本次调查包含四大模块：
- 生育履历（birth-biography）：所有活产子女的数量与出生日期
- 职业履历（occupational history）：两次生育间隔期间及末胎生育后的就业情况
- 婚姻履历（marriage-biography）：结婚日期、离婚状况与再婚情况
- 生育意愿（desire to have children）：针对40岁以下女性，询问其是否希望再生育以及拟生育的子女数量

当下该议题的紧迫性前所未有：总和生育率已降至历史低位，离婚率持续攀升，女性就业人数达到历史最高水平。其中生育意愿问题尤为关键。

为获取未来生育率相关信息，需向40岁以下女性调研其生育意向。本专项调查及其配套问题均服务于统计研究，对人口预测及关联需求测算具有重要意义。

需持续重新评估幼儿园、教室、住宅及工作岗位的需求缺口，同时也需持续重新测算公共养老金参保缴费人员的财政负担。

1976年（Mikrozensus MZ7602）与1981年（Mikrozensus MZ8102）的调查中，已设置过与上述四大主题相似或完全一致的调研问题。