Native species of Hibiscus (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) from Southeast Brazil

Abstract Hibiscus is one of the largest genus of Malvaceae, with approximately 300 species widely spreaded in the world. In Brazil there are 33 native species (25 endemic), mainly in Cerrado. In view of the lack of studies on biodiversity and taxonomy for the genus in the nacional territory, the objective was to bring information about the native species of Southeast Brazil, describing the relationship between them, providing identification keys and descriptions of the species. We conducted bibliographical surveys in the main databases, collections analysis of the Southeast herbaria, in situ sampling, morphological analysis and taxonomic treatment. Through this study, two synonymizations were proposed and the inclusion of one species in the Brazilian list, recognizing 14 native species for the Southeast, six endemic species. The Hibiscus were characterized as sub-shrub to shrubs up to three meters. The species inhabit paludous areas of the Atlantic Forest, specially restinga and many phytophysiognomies of Cerrado.摘要：木槿属（Hibiscus）是锦葵科（Malvaceae）最大的属之一，全球约有300个物种，广泛分布于世界各地。巴西境内分布有33个本土物种（其中25种为特有种），主要集中于塞拉多（Cerrado）植被区。鉴于巴西国内针对该属的生物多样性与分类学研究较为匮乏，本研究旨在梳理巴西东南部的本土木槿物种信息，阐明物种间的亲缘关系，提供物种鉴定检索表与形态描述。研究过程中，我们通过主流学术数据库开展文献调研、对东南部地区的植物标本馆馆藏标本进行系统分析、原位采样、形态学分析及分类学处理。本研究共提出2项同物异名处理，并将1个物种纳入巴西官方物种名录，最终确认巴西东南部共有14个本土木槿物种，其中6种为特有种。该属植物多为亚灌木至灌木，株高可达3米，栖息于大西洋森林的沼泽地带，尤以海滨沙生植被（restinga）及塞拉多的多种植被型中。